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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Turkic
Etymology
From *bīr (“one”) + *-le (“adverbial suffix”).[1] Also akin to *birge and *birče with similar meaning.
Preposition
*bīrle
- with
Adverb
*bīrle
- also
- together
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Chuvash: пӗрле (pĕrle, “together”), -пе (-pe), -па (-pa)
- Common Turkic: *birle
- Arghu:
- Oghuz:
- Proto-Oghuz: *bile (“together”), *-ile, *-ïla (“with”)
- Old Anatolian Turkish: ایله (ile), اِیلَنْ (ilen), بیله (bile), برله (birle), ـله (-ile, -ıla)
- Azerbaijani: belə (“even”), ilə, -la, -lə, ilən, -nən, -nan (“with”)
- Gagauz: bilä (“together”), -län, -lan (“with”)
- Ottoman Turkish: ایله (ile), برله (birle), بیله (bile), ایلن (ilen), ـله (-le, -la)
- Salar: bili (“together”), -la (“with”)
- Turkmen: bilen (“together; with”)
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (birlä, bilä)
- Chagatai: بلن, برلە (bilän, birlä)
- Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
- Crimean Tatar: ile
- Karachay-Balkar: бла (bla)
- Kumyk: булан (bulan)
- South Kipchak:
- East Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz: менен (menen)
- Southern Altai: мынаҥ (mïnaŋ)
- Siberian:
- Old Turkic: [script needed] (birle)
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (birlä)
- South Siberian:
References
- ^ Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation[1], volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 403
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 364-365
- Sevortjan, E. V. (1978) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Nauka, pages 140-142
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bile (bula)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[2], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill