Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yak-
Proto-Turkic
Etymology 1
Verb
*yak-
- (Common Turkic, intransitive) to come near, to approach
- Synonym: *yakïnla-
Conjugation
Conjugation of *yak- (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | *yakmak | |||||||
| participle | present | *yakgan, yakïgma, yakur | ||||||
| past | *yaktuk, yakmïš | |||||||
| future | *yaktačï, yakmakčï, yaksïk, yakačak | |||||||
| verbal noun | *yakma, yakïg, yakgu | |||||||
| way of doing | *yakïš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *yakur ben | *yakur sen | *yakur | *yakur biz | *yakur siz | *yakur | |
| past | simple | *yaktïm | *yaktïŋ | *yaktï | *yaktïk, yaktïmïz | *yaktïŋïz | *yaktï | |
| inferential | *yakmïš ben | *yakmïš sen | *yakmïš | *yakmïš biz | *yakmïš siz | *yakmïš | ||
| future | simple | *yaktačï ben, yakmakčï ben, yakačak ben | *yaktačï sen, yakmakčï sen, yakačak sen | *yaktačï, yakmakčï, yakačak | *yaktačï biz, yakmakčï biz, yakačak biz | *yaktačï siz, yakmakčï siz, yakačak siz | *yaktačï, yakmakčï, yakačak | |
| predictive | *yakgay ben | *yakgay sen | *yakgay | *yakgay biz | *yakgay siz | *yakgay | ||
| necessitive | *yaksïkïm | *yaksïkïŋ | *yaksïk | *yaksïkïmïz | *yaksïkïŋïz | *yaksïk | ||
| conditional | *yaksam, yaksar ben | *yaksaŋ, yaksar sen | *yaksa, yaksar | *yaksak, yaksamïz, yaksar biz | *yaksaŋïz, yaksar siz | *yaksalar, yaksar | ||
| optative | *yakgay ben | *yakgay sen | *yakgay | *yakgay biz | *yakgay siz | *yakgay | ||
| progressive | *yakmakda ben | *yakmakda sen | *yakmakda | *yakmakda biz | *yakmakda siz | *yakmakda | ||
| necessitative | *yakmalïg ben | *yakmalïg sen | *yakmalïg | *yakmalïg biz | *yakmalïg siz | *yakmalïg | ||
| imperative | *yakayïn | *yak, yakgïl | *yakzun | *yakalïm | *yakïŋ | *yakzun | ||
| Negative | ||||||||
| infinitive | *yakmamak | |||||||
| participle | present | *yakmagan, yakmagma, yakmaz | ||||||
| past | *yakmaduk, yakmamïš | |||||||
| future | *yakmačï, yakmasïk, yakmayačak | |||||||
| verbal noun | *yakmama, yakmag, yakmagu | |||||||
| way of doing | *yakmayïš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *yakmaz ben | *yakmaz sen | *yakmaz | *yakmaz biz | *yakmaz siz | *yakmaz | |
| past | simple | *yakmadïm | *yakmadïŋ | *yakmadï | *yakmadïk, yakmadïmïz | *yakmadïŋïz | *yakmadï | |
| inferential | *yakmamïš ben | *yakmamïš sen | *yakmamïš | *yakmamïš biz | *yakmamïš siz | *yakmamïš | ||
| future | simple | *yakmačï ben, yakmayačak ben | *yakmačï sen, yakmayačak sen | *yakmačï, yakmayačak | *yakmačï biz, yakmayačak biz | *yakmačï siz, yakmayačak siz | *yakmačï, yakmayačak | |
| predictive | *yakmagay ben | *yakmagay sen | *yakmagay | *yakmagay biz | *yakmagay siz | *yakmagay | ||
| necessitive | *yakmasïkïm | *yakmasïkïŋ | *yakmasïk | *yakmasïkïmïz | *yakmasïkïŋïz | *yakmasïk | ||
| conditional | *yakmasam, yakmasar ben | *yakmasaŋ, yakmasar sen | *yakmasa, yakmasar | *yakmasak, yakmasamïz, yakmasar biz | *yakmasaŋïz, yakmasar siz | *yakmasalar, yakmasar | ||
| optative | *yakmagay ben | *yakmagay sen | *yakmagay | *yakmagay biz | *yakmagay siz | *yakmagay | ||
| progressive | *yakmamakda ben | *yakmamakda sen | *yakmamakda | *yakmamakda biz | *yakmamakda siz | *yakmamakda | ||
| necessitative | *yakmamalïg ben | *yakmamalïg sen | *yakmamalïg | *yakmamalïg biz | *yakmamalïg siz | *yakmamalïg | ||
| imperative | *yakmayayïn | *yakma, yakmagïl | *yakmazun | *yakmayalïm | *yakmayïŋ | *yakmazun | ||
Related terms
Derived terms
- Proto-Common Turkic: *yakïn (“close”)
- Proto-Common Turkic: *yakïš- (“to come near to each other, to pass, to fit”)
- Proto-Common Turkic: *yakšï (“good”)
Descendants
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (yak-)
- Siberian:
Etymology 2
Verb
*yak-
- (transitive) to burn
Descendants
- Oghur
- Chuvash: ҫут (śut)