Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hangēn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hangāną. Equivalent to *hą̄han (“to hang”) +‎ *-ēn.

Verb

*hangēn

to hang, to be suspended

Inflection

Class 3 weak
Infinitive	*hangēn
1st sg. past	*hang?dā
Infinitive	*hangēn
Genitive infin.	*hangēnijas
Dative infin.	*hangēnijē
Instrum. infin.	*hangēniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*hangē	*hang?dā
2nd singular	*hangēs	hang?dēs, hang?dēs
3rd singular	*hangēþ	hang?dē, hang?dā
1st plural	*hangēm	*hang?dum
2nd plural	*hangēþ	*hang?dud
3rd plural	*hangēnþ	*hang?dun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*hangē	*hang?dī
2nd singular	*hangēs	*hang?dī
3rd singular	*hangē	*hang?dī
1st plural	*hangēm	*hang?dīm
2nd plural	*hangēþ	*hang?dīd
3rd plural	*hangēn	*hang?dīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*hangē
Plural	*hangēþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*hangēndī	*hang?d

Descendants

Old English: hangian, hongian
- Middle English: hangen (merged with hōn)
  - English: hang
  - Scots: hangit (simple past of hing (“to execute using gallows”))^[1]
- → Welsh: hongian
Old Frisian: hangia, hongia
- Saterland Frisian: hongje
- West Frisian: hingje
Old Saxon: hangon
- Middle Low German: hangen
  - Low German: hangen
Old Dutch: *hangon
- Middle Dutch: hangen (merger with hān)
  - Dutch: hangen
    - Afrikaans: hang
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: hanggi
    - Negerhollands: hang, haṅ
    - → Sranan Tongo: anga
  - Limburgish: hange
Old High German: hangēn
- Middle High German: hangen
  - German: hängen (merger with hāhen and hengen)
  - Switzerland German: hangen
  - >? Cimbrian: hangan

References

^ “hing, v., n.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC: “The form hangit is from the pr. stem hang, Mid.Eng. hangen, in O.Sc. referring gen. only to judicial hanging.”

[1] “hing, v., n.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC: “The form hangit is from the pr. stem hang, Mid.Eng. hangen, in O.Sc. referring gen. only to judicial hanging.”

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