Finnish
FWOTD – 5 June 2015
Etymology
According to Saarikivi (2022), from tavata (dialectally also "to catch, reach") + -io, and thus as a name for a god of the hunt.[1] The name has also been connected with Estonian taba (“padlock”) and Livonian tabā (“padlock”) (both connected with respective cognates of tavata), hinting at a theoretical noun *tapa (“trap”) (not attested in Finnish), which could have served as the direct etymon.[2] Koivulehto took a different view, likewise connecting the word with tavata, but instead citing a Germanic comparandum, Proto-Germanic *gadōbiz (whence Old English gedēfe), proposing it as evidence of a semantic shift within Finnic (parallel to the development of Mielikki) through a sense like "lenient, amenable".[3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɑpio/, [ˈt̪ɑ̝pio̞]
- Rhymes: -ɑpio
- Syllabification(key): Ta‧pi‧o
- Hyphenation(key): Ta‧pio
Proper noun
Tapio
- (Finnic mythology) The god of forest.
- 1849 Kalevala (Translation 1988 by Eino Friberg) 46:53-56:
Ota, metsä, miehiksesi, / Urohiksesi, Tapio! / Auta onni ottamahan, / Metsän kaunis kaatamahan!- Now receive me as your man, / One of your own people, Tapio. / Give me luck, good hunting give me / For the bear, that forest beauty.
- a male given name
- a Finnish surname transferred from the given name
Usage notes
- Revived as a given name in the 19th century. A popular middle name since early 20th century.
Declension
| Inflection of Tapio (Kotus type 3/valtio, no gradation)
|
| nominative
|
Tapio
|
Tapiot
|
| genitive
|
Tapion
|
Tapioiden Tapioitten
|
| partitive
|
Tapiota
|
Tapioita
|
| illative
|
Tapioon
|
Tapioihin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
Tapio
|
Tapiot
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
Tapio
|
Tapiot
|
| gen.
|
Tapion
|
| genitive
|
Tapion
|
Tapioiden Tapioitten
|
| partitive
|
Tapiota
|
Tapioita
|
| inessive
|
Tapiossa
|
Tapioissa
|
| elative
|
Tapiosta
|
Tapioista
|
| illative
|
Tapioon
|
Tapioihin
|
| adessive
|
Tapiolla
|
Tapioilla
|
| ablative
|
Tapiolta
|
Tapioilta
|
| allative
|
Tapiolle
|
Tapioille
|
| essive
|
Tapiona
|
Tapioina
|
| translative
|
Tapioksi
|
Tapioiksi
|
| abessive
|
Tapiotta
|
Tapioitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
Tapioin
|
| comitative
|
See the possessive forms below.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
Tapioni
|
Tapioni
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
Tapioni
|
Tapioni
|
| gen.
|
Tapioni
|
| genitive
|
Tapioni
|
Tapioideni Tapioitteni
|
| partitive
|
Tapiotani
|
Tapioitani
|
| inessive
|
Tapiossani
|
Tapioissani
|
| elative
|
Tapiostani
|
Tapioistani
|
| illative
|
Tapiooni
|
Tapioihini
|
| adessive
|
Tapiollani
|
Tapioillani
|
| ablative
|
Tapioltani
|
Tapioiltani
|
| allative
|
Tapiolleni
|
Tapioilleni
|
| essive
|
Tapionani
|
Tapioinani
|
| translative
|
Tapiokseni
|
Tapioikseni
|
| abessive
|
Tapiottani
|
Tapioittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
Tapioineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
Tapiosi
|
Tapiosi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
Tapiosi
|
Tapiosi
|
| gen.
|
Tapiosi
|
| genitive
|
Tapiosi
|
Tapioidesi Tapioittesi
|
| partitive
|
Tapiotasi
|
Tapioitasi
|
| inessive
|
Tapiossasi
|
Tapioissasi
|
| elative
|
Tapiostasi
|
Tapioistasi
|
| illative
|
Tapioosi
|
Tapioihisi
|
| adessive
|
Tapiollasi
|
Tapioillasi
|
| ablative
|
Tapioltasi
|
Tapioiltasi
|
| allative
|
Tapiollesi
|
Tapioillesi
|
| essive
|
Tapionasi
|
Tapioinasi
|
| translative
|
Tapioksesi
|
Tapioiksesi
|
| abessive
|
Tapiottasi
|
Tapioittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
Tapioinesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
Tapiomme
|
Tapiomme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
Tapiomme
|
Tapiomme
|
| gen.
|
Tapiomme
|
| genitive
|
Tapiomme
|
Tapioidemme Tapioittemme
|
| partitive
|
Tapiotamme
|
Tapioitamme
|
| inessive
|
Tapiossamme
|
Tapioissamme
|
| elative
|
Tapiostamme
|
Tapioistamme
|
| illative
|
Tapioomme
|
Tapioihimme
|
| adessive
|
Tapiollamme
|
Tapioillamme
|
| ablative
|
Tapioltamme
|
Tapioiltamme
|
| allative
|
Tapiollemme
|
Tapioillemme
|
| essive
|
Tapionamme
|
Tapioinamme
|
| translative
|
Tapioksemme
|
Tapioiksemme
|
| abessive
|
Tapiottamme
|
Tapioittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
Tapioinemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
Tapionne
|
Tapionne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
Tapionne
|
Tapionne
|
| gen.
|
Tapionne
|
| genitive
|
Tapionne
|
Tapioidenne Tapioittenne
|
| partitive
|
Tapiotanne
|
Tapioitanne
|
| inessive
|
Tapiossanne
|
Tapioissanne
|
| elative
|
Tapiostanne
|
Tapioistanne
|
| illative
|
Tapioonne
|
Tapioihinne
|
| adessive
|
Tapiollanne
|
Tapioillanne
|
| ablative
|
Tapioltanne
|
Tapioiltanne
|
| allative
|
Tapiollenne
|
Tapioillenne
|
| essive
|
Tapionanne
|
Tapioinanne
|
| translative
|
Tapioksenne
|
Tapioiksenne
|
| abessive
|
Tapiottanne
|
Tapioittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
Tapioinenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
Tapionsa
|
Tapionsa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
Tapionsa
|
Tapionsa
|
| gen.
|
Tapionsa
|
| genitive
|
Tapionsa
|
Tapioidensa Tapioittensa
|
| partitive
|
Tapiotaan Tapiotansa
|
Tapioitaan Tapioitansa
|
| inessive
|
Tapiossaan Tapiossansa
|
Tapioissaan Tapioissansa
|
| elative
|
Tapiostaan Tapiostansa
|
Tapioistaan Tapioistansa
|
| illative
|
Tapioonsa
|
Tapioihinsa
|
| adessive
|
Tapiollaan Tapiollansa
|
Tapioillaan Tapioillansa
|
| ablative
|
Tapioltaan Tapioltansa
|
Tapioiltaan Tapioiltansa
|
| allative
|
Tapiolleen Tapiollensa
|
Tapioilleen Tapioillensa
|
| essive
|
Tapionaan Tapionansa
|
Tapioinaan Tapioinansa
|
| translative
|
Tapiokseen Tapioksensa
|
Tapioikseen Tapioiksensa
|
| abessive
|
Tapiottaan Tapiottansa
|
Tapioittaan Tapioittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
Tapioineen Tapioinensa
|
|
Derived terms
Statistics
- Tapio is the 76th most common male given name in Finland, belonging to 9,399 male individuals (and as a middle name to 104,648 more, making it more common as a middle name), and also belongs as a middle name to 13 female individuals, according to February 2023 data from the Digital and Population Data Services Agency of Finland.
- Tapio is the 484th most common surname in Finland, belonging to 1,733 individuals, according to February 2023 data from the Digital and Population Data Services Agency of Finland.
References
- ^ Janne Saarikivi (2022) “Huomioita Agricolan psalttarin esipuheen jumalista ja muusta itämerensuomalaisesta mytologisesta sanastosta”, in Jeremy Bradley, editor, Tonavan Laakso: Eine Festschrift für Johanna Laakso (Central European Uralic Studies), volume 2, Praesens Verlag, →ISBN, pages 382–401
- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Joki, Aulis J. (1969) Suomen kielen etymologinen sanakirja [Etymological Dictionary of the Finnish language] (in Finnish), volumes 4 [roskooli–teili], Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura (Finno-Ugrian Society), →ISBN
- ^ Koivulehto, Jorma. Lisiä germaanis-suomalaisiin lainakosketuksiin. Virittäjä 78/2 (1974)
Anagrams