akaîu

Old Tupi

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /akaˈju/
  • Rhymes: -u
  • Hyphenation: a‧ka‧îu

Etymology 1

    Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *akaju.

    Alternative forms

    Historical spellings 
    Thevet (1575) acaïous
    Léry (1578) acaiou
    d'Abbeville (1614) acaiou
    Araújo (1618) acajú
    VLB (1622) acaju
    Marcgrave (1648) acaiû

    Noun

    akaîu (unpossessable)

    1. (hapax legomenon) cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale)[1]
      Synonyms: akaîueté, akaîu'yba
    2. cashew apple (accessory fruit of Anacardium occidentale)[2][3][4][5]
      Synonym: akaîueté
      • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter VII, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], Livro Sexto do Confessionário [… ] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 104v:
        29.p. Nde agoâçape coîr?
        30.p. Mbobîpe Iaci canhémi, coipô acajú ajubamo cecè nderecoreme meme?
        [29.p[ergunta]. Nde agûasápe ko'yr?
        30.p[ergunta]. Mbobype îasy kanhemi koîpó akaîu 'aîubamo sesé nde rekó memẽ?]
        29th question: Where you adulterous today?
        30th question: How many times did the moon go down and the cashews ripe with this same condition?
      • 1622, anonymous author, “Uinho de uuas”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 146; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
        Acajuig […]
        [Akaîu'y […] ]
        Cashew liquor.
    3. (loosely) any tree in the genus Anacardium and their fruit
    Derived terms
    • akaîu'akaîá
    • akaîu'aîuba
    • akaîu'y
    • akaîu'yba
    • akaîu'ĩ
    • akaîuakaîpirakoba
    • akaîueté
    • akaîukatinga
    • akaîukaûĩ
    • akaîupiranga
    • akaîutĩ
    • akaîuûasu
    • gûaînumbyakaîu
    • kaîu'i
    Descendants
    • Nheengatu: akayú
    • → French: acajou
    • → Portuguese: caju, acaju

    Etymology 2

      Etymology tree
      Proto-Tupi-Guarani *akaju
      Old Tupi akaîu
      Proto-Tupian *ʔa
      Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔa
      Old Tupi 'a
      Proto-Tupian *wub
      Proto-Tupi-Guarani *juβ
      Old Tupi îub
      Old Tupi 'aîub
      Proto-Tupian *-ap
      Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-aβ?
      Old Tupi -a
      Old Tupi akaîu'aîuba
      Old Tupi akaîu

      Ellipsis of akaîu'aîuba.

      Noun

      akaîu (possessable) (Língua Geral Amazônica)

      1. year (period of 12 months)[5][6][7][8][9]
        Synonyms: ro'y, seîxu, seîxutatá
      2. age (amount of time since the birth)[5]
      Descendants

      References

      1. ^ André Thevet (1557–1558) chapter 61, in Les singularitez de la France Antarctique [The singularities of France Antarctique] (overall work in Middle French), Paris: Maurice de La Porte, page 120: “Acaïous [Akaîu]”
      2. ^ Jean de Léry (1578) chapter XIII, in Histoire d'un voyage fait en la terre du Bresil, autrement dite Amerique [History of a voyage to the land of Brazil, also called America] (overall work in Middle French), La Rochelle: Antoine Chuppin, page 205: “Acaiou [Akaîu]”
      3. ^ Claude d'Abbeville (1614) chapter XXXVII, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L'Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (overall work in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 217: “Acaiou [Akaîu]”
      4. ^ Georg Marcgrave, Willem Piso (1648) Historia Naturalis Brasiliae [Brazilian Natural History], Historiae Plantarum, book III, chapter II (overall work in Latin), Amsterdam: Elzevir, page 94: “Acaiû [Akaîu]”
      5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 anonymous author (18th century) “Anno. Cajú, fruta. Idade [Year. Cashew, fruit. Age]”, in Diccionario da lingua brazilica [Dictionary of the Brasílica Language]‎[1] (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), page 2: “Acajú”
      6. ^ João de Arronches (1739) “ANNO”, in Caderno da Lingua (overall work in Portuguese); republished as “O caderno da lingua ou Vocabulario Portuguez-Tupi”, in Plínio Ayrosa, editor, Revista do Museu Paulista, volume XXI, São Paulo: Imprensa Official do Estado, 1934, page 98: “acajú”
      7. ^ Frei Onofre (1751) “Anno”, in José Mariano da Conceição Velloso, editor, Dicionario portuguez, e brasiliano (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Lisbon: Officina Patriarcal, published 1795, page 12, column 1: “Acajû”
      8. ^ Anton Meisterburg (a. 1756) “Anno”, in [Dicionário de Trier] (overall work in Portuguese and Old Tupi), Baixo Xingu, Pará, page 4v, column 1, line 17; republished as Jean-Claude Muller et al., editors, Dicionário de língua geral amazônica, Potsdam: University of Potsdam, 2019, →DOI, page 109: “ceixú. vul. Acajù.”
      9. ^ anonymous author (c. 1757) “Anno”, in [Vocabulario Portuguez–Brasilico] (overall work in Portuguese); republished as Ernesto Ferreira França, compiler, Chrestomathia da lingua brazilica, Leipzig: F. A. Brockhaus, 1859, page 15: “acajû”

      Further reading

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