doleo

From Proto-Italic *doleō (“to hurt, cause pain”), from Proto-Indo-European *dolh₁éyeti (“to divide”), from *delh₁- (“to cut”). The sense development is thus assumed to be that "divide" came to mean "divide someone into pieces, hurt".^[1] Compare dolō (“hew, fashion, devise”).

Compare typologically Russian ломота́ (lomotá) (< ломи́ть (lomítʹ)). Also compare the terms with the opposite meaning English heal, health (akin to whole), Russian цели́ть (celítʹ), исцеля́ть (isceljátʹ) (akin to це́лый (célyj)).

Also compare expressions like: fragile health, хрупкое (xrupkoje) здоро́вье (zdoróvʹje); splitting headache, голова́ (golová) раска́лывается (raskályvajetsja).

For the 'to be sorry, to grieve for' meaning, compare typologically сокруша́ться (sokrušátʹsja) (akin to круши́ть (krušítʹ)). See also Latin condoleō.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈdɔ.ɫe.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈd̪ɔː.le.o]

doleō (present infinitive dolēre, perfect active doluī, supine dolitum); second conjugation, no passive

1. (intransitive) to hurt, suffer (physical pain)
   • Pliny the Younger:

     Paete, nōn dolet

     Paetus, it does not hurt

2. (intransitive, transitive) to be sorry, to grieve for, lament, deplore
   • Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153):

     Vulgō dīcitur: quod nōn videt oculus, cor nōn dolet

     It is commonly said: What the eye does not see, the heart does not grieve

• dolidus
• dolōrōsus

• “doleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “doleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• doleo in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
• doleo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I am pained, vexed, sorry: doleo aliquid, aliqua re, de and ex aliqua re
    
  • I am sorry for you: tuam vicem doleo