dzirdēt

Originally the iterative form of dialectal dzirst (“to perceive, to hear”), a variant of dialectal dzirt (“to praise, to honor”), from Proto-Baltic *gir-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥H-, *gʷerH- (“to produce audible voice; to praise, to welcome”). The semantic evolution was from “to praise, to say” to “to produce a voice” to “to perceive a voice, to hear.” Cognates include Lithuanian girdė́ti, Old Prussian gerdant (gerdaut?, “to say”), Sudovian hirdet (< *girdēt), Sanskrit गृणाति (gṛṇā́ti, “to call, to invoke, to praise”), गुरते (guráte, “to welcome”), गी (gī́, “word, call, praise”).^[1]

• IPA^(key): [dzìɾdɛ̂ːt]

• Audio:

  (file)

dzirdēt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present dzirdu, dzirdi, dzird, past dzirdēju)

1. to hear (to perceive sounds with one's ears)

   dzirdēt dziesmu ― to hear a song

   dzirdēt saucienu, čukstus ― to hear a shout, a whisper

   vai tu mani dzirdi? ― do you hear me?

   viņš dzirdēja, ka krūmos aizlūst kāds sauss zars, un pietrūkās sēdus ― he heard that some dry twig broke in the bushes, and quickly sat up (listening)

2. to hear (to learn, to get to know about something)

   es dzirdēju, ka te celšot jaunu māju ― I heard that they'll build a new house here

   viņs to dzirdēja no brāļa ― he heard it from (his) brother

3. to hear, to be hearing (to be capable of hearing)

   viņš labi nedzird ― he doesn't hear well

   ne visi dzīvnieki dzird ― not all animals (can) hear

• dzirde
• dzirdīgs
• nedzirdīgs, nedzirdība
• vājdzirdīgs, vājdzirdība

• kurls, kurlums