fiú
Hungarian
Alternative forms
- fi (archaic)
Etymology
From Old Hungarian fioɣ or fió with the original stem fi akin to Proto-Uralic *pojka (“son, boy”) + -ú (“archaic diminutive suffix”) (also attested as -oɣ, -ó in Old Hungarian).[1] Cognates include Northern Mansi пыг (pyg, “son, boy”), Udmurt пи (pi, “son, boy”), Komi-Zyrian пи (pi, “son, boy”), Erzya пиё (pijo, “grandson”) and Finnish poika. See also faj. False cognate of Romanian fiu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈfijuː]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -juː
Noun
fiú (plural fiúk)
- boy
- Synonym: srác (informal)
- son
- Synonym: fiúgyermek
- az apa és a fia ― the father and his son
- (colloquial) boyfriend
Usage notes
- In terms of its possessive forms, fia is used in the sense of one’s son, while one’s boyfriend is fiúja. Their other possessive forms consistently differ in the same way: the ’son’ with the irregular forms and the ’boyfriend’ with the regular forms.
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | fiú | fiúk |
| accusative | fiút | fiúkat |
| dative | fiúnak | fiúknak |
| instrumental | fiúval | fiúkkal |
| causal-final | fiúért | fiúkért |
| translative | fiúvá | fiúkká |
| terminative | fiúig | fiúkig |
| essive-formal | fiúként | fiúkként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | fiúban | fiúkban |
| superessive | fiún | fiúkon |
| adessive | fiúnál | fiúknál |
| illative | fiúba | fiúkba |
| sublative | fiúra | fiúkra |
| allative | fiúhoz | fiúkhoz |
| elative | fiúból | fiúkból |
| delative | fiúról | fiúkról |
| ablative | fiútól | fiúktól |
| non-attributive possessive – singular |
fiúé | fiúké |
| non-attributive possessive – plural |
fiúéi | fiúkéi |
- in the sense of 'son':
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | fiam | fiaim |
| 2nd person sing. | fiad | fiaid |
| 3rd person sing. | fia | fiai |
| 1st person plural | fiunk | fiaink |
| 2nd person plural | fiatok | fiaitok |
| 3rd person plural | fiuk | fiaik |
- otherwise (e.g. 'boyfriend'):
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | fiúm | fiúim |
| 2nd person sing. | fiúd | fiúid |
| 3rd person sing. | fiúja | fiúi |
| 1st person plural | fiúnk | fiúink |
| 2nd person plural | fiútok | fiúitok |
| 3rd person plural | fiújuk | fiúik |
Derived terms
Compound words
Related terms
References
- ^ Entry #785 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading
- fiú in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish fíu, from Proto-Celtic *wesus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wésus.
Pronunciation
Noun
fiú (indeclinable)
- (used with is) worth
- Ní fiú pingin é.
- It isn’t worth a penny.
- (used with is and le) worth it, worthwhile
- is fiú liom ― it’s worth it to me
- (used with the genitive of a following definite noun) even
- Níl fiú an léine aige.
- He hasn’t even a shirt.
- gan fiú na mbróg ― without even shoes
Related terms
Adverb
fiú
- even
- Níl sé leathlán fiú.
- It is not even half full.
Derived terms
- fiú amháin
Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| fiú | fhiú | bhfiú |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 57, page 30
- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 113
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 192, page 74
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “fiú”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Old Irish
Adjective
fiú
- alternative spelling of fíu