fruor

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *frūgjōr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg-ye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to use, enjoy”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *brūkaną (“to make use of, consume”), whence English brook (Etymology 1).[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

fruor (present infinitive fruī, perfect active frūctus sum or fruitus sum); third conjugation, deponent

  1. to enjoy; to derive pleasure from
    Synonyms: exhilarō, exsultō, dēlectō, permulceō, grātulor, congrātulor, gaudeō
    Antonym: displiceō
  2. to engage (in)

Usage notes

Conjugation

   Conjugation of fruor (third conjugation, deponent)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fruor frueris,
fruere 		fruitur fruimur fruiminī fruuntur
imperfect fruēbar fruēbāris,
fruēbāre 		fruēbātur fruēbāmur fruēbāminī fruēbantur
future fruar fruēris,
fruēre 		fruētur fruēmur fruēminī fruentur
perfect frūctus or fruitus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect frūctus or fruitus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect frūctus or fruitus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fruar fruāris,
fruāre 		fruātur fruāmur fruāminī fruantur
imperfect fruerer fruerēris,
fruerēre 		fruerētur fruerēmur fruerēminī fruerentur
perfect frūctus or fruitus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect frūctus or fruitus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — fruere — — fruiminī —
future — fruitor fruitor — — fruuntor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present fruī — fruēns —
future frūctūrum esse,
fruitūrum esse 		— frūctūrus,
fruitūrus 		fruendus
perfect frūctum esse,
fruitum esse 		— frūctus,
fruitus 		—
future perfect frūctum fore,
fruitum fore 		— — —
perfect potential frūctūrum fuisse,
fruitūrum fuisse 		— — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
fruendī fruendō fruendum fruendō frūctum,
fruitum 		frūctū,
fruitū

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Catalan: fruir
  • → Italian: fruire
  • → Interlingua: fruer
  • → Neapolitan: fruì
  • → Portuguese: fruir
  • → Spanish: fruir

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fruor, fruī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 244-5

Further reading

  • “fruor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “fruor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • fruor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to enjoy the privilege of living; to be alive: vita or hac luce frui
    • to solace oneself with the thought..: hoc solacio frui, uti
    • to be at leisure: otio frui
    • to take one's fill of enjoyment: voluptatibus frui
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