giun

Old Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡʲiu̯n/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *genus (“jaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“jaw”). Cognate with Welsh gên (“cheek”), English chin, Sanskrit हनु (hánu-), Ancient Greek γένυς (génus), Tocharian A śanweṃ (“jaws”, dual).[1]

Alternative forms

Noun

giun m

  1. mouth
Inflection
Masculine u-stem
singular dual plural
nominative giun, gin giunL, gin genaeH
vocative giun, gin giunL, gin ginu
accusative giunN, gin giunL, gin ginu
genitive genoH, genaH genoL, genaL genaeN
dative giunL, gin genaib genaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms
  • ginach (“greedy”)
  • ginól (“jaw”)
Descendants
  • Middle Irish: gin

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

giun

  1. dative singular of gen (“smile”)

Mutation

Mutation of giun
radical lenition nasalization
giun giun
pronounced with /ɣʲ-/		 ngiun

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*genu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

Further reading

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

  • (Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) trùn

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *p-luːn ~ *p-ruːn, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(b)ruun. Cognate with Khmer ព្រូន (pruun), Mon မြုန် (pərùn). Attested as Northern Middle Vietnamese blun in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).

Originally the Northern form, see giai for the sound change.

Trùn, from a non-Northern Middle Vietnamese form, is still widely used in these dialects.

Pronunciation

Noun

(classifier con) giun • (𧉙, 𧑒)

  1. worm (animal)
    tẩy/xổ giun ― to deworm
    ngủ với giun ― to die (literally, “to sleep with worms”)
    • 2011, Trịnh Huy Ninh, transl., Viking hung bạo, translation of Horrible Histories: The Vicious Vikings by Terry Deary and Martin Brown, page 49:
      Nhát gan chỉ núp mà run
      Rồi thì cũng ngủ với giun thôi mà
      Go ahead and hide during every battle
      You will drop dead eventually

Derived terms

See also

  • sán (“parasitic flatworms”)
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