hníga

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse hníga, from Proto-Germanic *hnīganą, *hnīwaną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈn̥iːɣa/
    Rhymes: -iːɣa

Verb

hníga (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative hneig, third-person plural past indicative hnigu, supine hnigið)

  1. to sink, slump down, fall or collapse slowly

Conjugation

hníga – active voice (germynd)
infinitive nafnháttur hníga
supine sagnbót hnigið
present participle
hnígandi
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég hníg hneig / hné hnígi hnigi
þú hnígur hneigst / hnést hnígir hnigir
hann, hún, það hnígur hneig / hné hnígi hnigi
plural við hnígum hnigum hnígum hnigjum
þið hnígið hniguð hnígið hnigjuð
þeir, þær, þau hníga hnigu hnígi hnigju
imperative boðháttur
singular þú hníg (þú), hnígðu
plural þið hnígið (þið), hnígiði1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
hniginn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
hniginn hnigin hnigið hnignir hnignar hnigin
accusative
(þolfall)
hniginn hnigna hnigið hnigna hnignar hnigin
dative
(þágufall)
hnignum hniginni hnignu hnignum hnignum hnignum
genitive
(eignarfall)
hnigins hniginnar hnigins hniginna hniginna hniginna
weak declension
(veik beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
hnigni hnigna hnigna hnignu hnignu hnignu
accusative
(þolfall)
hnigna hnignu hnigna hnignu hnignu hnignu
dative
(þágufall)
hnigna hnignu hnigna hnignu hnignu hnignu
genitive
(eignarfall)
hnigna hnignu hnigna hnignu hnignu hnignu

Note: the past forms hné, hnést are much less common than hneig, hneigst, and are considered archaic.

References

  • Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hnīganą, *hnīwaną.

Verb

hníga (singular past indicative hné, plural past indicative hnigu, past participle hniginn)

  1. to fall gently, sink down
  2. to flow
    Synonym: fljóta
  3. to sink down; fall dead
  4. to incline, turn
  5. to turn towards [with til (+ genitive)]

Conjugation

Conjugation of hníga — active (strong class 1)
infinitive hníga
present participle hnígandi
past participle hniginn
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular hníg hneig, hné hníga hniga
2nd person singular hnígr hneigt, hnétt hnígir hnigir
3rd person singular hnígr hneig, hné hnígi hnigi
1st person plural hnígum hnigum hnígim hnigim
2nd person plural hnígið hniguð hnígið hnigið
3rd person plural hníga hnigu hnígi hnigi
imperative present
2nd person singular hníg
1st person plural hnígum
2nd person plural hnígið
Conjugation of hníga — mediopassive (strong class 1)
infinitive hnígask
present participle hnígandisk
past participle hnigizk
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular hnígumk hnigumk hnígumk hnigumk
2nd person singular hnígsk hneigzk, hnézk hnígisk hnigisk
3rd person singular hnígsk hneigsk, hnésk hnígisk hnigisk
1st person plural hnígumsk hnigumsk hnígimsk hnigimsk
2nd person plural hnígizk hniguzk hnígizk hnigizk
3rd person plural hnígask hnigusk hnígisk hnigisk
imperative present
2nd person singular hnígsk
1st person plural hnígumsk
2nd person plural hnígizk

Descendants

  • Icelandic: hníga
  • Faroese: níga
  • Norwegian Bokmål: nige
  • Old Swedish: nīgha

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “hníga”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive