hrjósa

Icelandic

hrjósa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative hraus, third-person plural past indicative hrusu, supine hrosið)

to cause to shudder [with dative ‘someone with a mind’ and við (+ dative) ‘at something’] (idiomatically translated as "shudder at the thought of" with the dative object as the subject, and limited to having the grammatical subject hugur (“mind”))
Mér hrýs hugur við sóuninni sem stöðugt á sér stað í vestrænum þjóðfélögum.
I shudder at the thought of the waste that continually happens in western societies.
(literally, “[The] mind makes me shudder at the waste that continually happens in western societies.”)

*hrjósa* – active voice (*germynd*)
		present nútíð	past þátíð	present nútíð	past þátíð
infinitive nafnháttur		að hrjósa
supine sagnbót		hrosið
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		hrjósandi

		indicative framsöguháttur		subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
singular	ég	hrýs	hraus	hrjósi	hrysi
	þú	hrýst	hraust	hrjósir	hrysir
	hann, hún, það	hrýs	hraus	hrjósi	hrysi
plural	við	hrjósum	hrusum	hrjósum	hrysum
	þið	hrjósið	hrusuð	hrjósið	hrysuð
	þeir, þær, þau	hrjósa	hrusu	hrjósi	hrysu

		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	hrjós (þú), hrjóstu
plural	þið	hrjósið (þið), hrjósiði¹

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

From Proto-Germanic *hreusaną (“to shudder, shiver, quiver”), from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”). Related to Old Norse hrár (“raw, fresh, juicy”), Swedish rysa, Old English hrēaw, hrēow (“raw”), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬏𐬭𐬀 (xrūra, “bloody, gruesome, cruel”), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥𐬙 (xruuant, “ghastly, gruesome”). More at raw.

hrjósa (singular past indicative hraus, plural past indicative hrusu, past participle hrosinn)

Attested usage is the same as in modern Icelandic, with hugr and við. (See Icelandic section above.)