við

See also: vid, vith, viď, vid., and víð

Faroese

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [viː]
  • Rhymes: -iː

Etymology 1

From Old Norse við.

Preposition

við

  1. (with accusative or with dative) with
  2. (with accusative) beside, near
  3. (with accusative) in
Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of “in”): frá

Etymology 2

See viður.

Noun

við

  1. indefinite accusative singular of viður

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /vɪð/, [vɪːð]
  • Rhymes: -ɪːð

Etymology 1

From Old Norse vit, the first-person dual personal pronoun; the plural was vér.

Pronoun

við

  1. (personal pronoun) we, nominative plural form of the personal pronoun ég (“I”)
    Við erum vinir. ― We are friends.
Declension
Icelandic personal pronouns
singular first person second person third person
masculine feminine neuter
nominative ég, eg, ek† þú hann hún, hon†, hón† það, þat†
accusative mig, mik† þig, þik† hann hana það, þat†
dative mér þér honum, hánum† henni því
genitive mín þín hans hennar þess
plural first person second person third person
masculine feminine neuter
nominative við þið, þit† þeir þær þau
accusative okkur ykkur þá þær þau
dative okkur ykkur þeim þeim þeim
genitive okkar ykkar þeirra þeirra þeirra

† Archaic. See also honorific pronouns.

Derived terms
  • eins og við gerðum ráð fyrir

Etymology 2

From Old Norse við.

Preposition

við

  1. beside, near, next to [with accusative]
    Ég stend við vegginn. ― I'm standing next to the wall.
  2. (idiomatic) with, to [with accusative ‘some someone’]
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Noun

við

  1. indefinite accusative/dative singular of viður

Old Norse

Pronunciation

  • (12th century Icelandic) IPA(key): /wið/, [wið]
  • (13th century Icelandic) IPA(key): /wɪð/, [wɪð]
  • Rhymes: -ɪð

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *wiþiz, *wiþjǭ (“cord, rope”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyt- (“that which winds or bends, branch, switch”), from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, wind, bend”).

Noun

við f (genitive viðjar, plural viðjar)

  1. withy, withe; collar
    viðjar af gulli
    collars of gold
Descendants

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *wiþi, a shortened form of Proto-Germanic *wiþrą (“against”), from Proto-Indo-European *wi-tero- (“more apart”), from *wí (“separation”).

Alternative forms

Preposition

við

  2.  [with dative]
    1. against
    2. (of direction) towards, against
      horfa við e-m
      to look towards, to face
    3. (sociative) along with
    4. (instrumental) with
    5. among
    6. (denoting barter, exchange) against, for
    7. (denoting remedy) against
    8. (denoting contest) against
  3. [with accusative]
    • Vǫluspá in skamma 13.
      Haf gengr hríðum / við himin sjalfan…
    1. by, at close to
    2. (about time) towards, at
      við sólarsetr
      at sunset
    3. (about a person) towards, respecting, regarding
    4. (of cause) by, at
      falla við hǫgg
      to fall by a stroke
    5. as compared with, set off against
    6. according to
Descendants
  • Icelandic: við, viður
  • Faroese: við
  • Norwegian: ved
  • Elfdalian: wið
  • Old Swedish: vīþ, viþer
  • Danish: ved
  • Old Gutnish: wiþr, wiþ

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

við

  1. indefinite accusative singular of viðr

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “við”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 487; also available at the Internet Archive
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