kaim
English
Noun
kaim
- Mitragyna parvifolia, a tree of the madder family, found in India.
Estonian
Etymology
Borrowed from a Baltic language, compare Lithuanian kaimas. and Latvian ciems. Cognate to Finnish kaima.
Noun
kaim (genitive kaimu, partitive kaimu)
Declension
| Declension of kaim (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaim | kaimud | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | kaimu | ||
| genitive | kaimude | ||
| partitive | kaimu | kaime kaimusid | |
| illative | kaimu kaimusse |
kaimudesse kaimesse | |
| inessive | kaimus | kaimudes kaimes | |
| elative | kaimust | kaimudest kaimest | |
| allative | kaimule | kaimudele kaimele | |
| adessive | kaimul | kaimudel kaimel | |
| ablative | kaimult | kaimudelt kaimelt | |
| translative | kaimuks | kaimudeks kaimeks | |
| terminative | kaimuni | kaimudeni | |
| essive | kaimuna | kaimudena | |
| abessive | kaimuta | kaimudeta | |
| comitative | kaimuga | kaimudega | |
Derived terms
Livonian
Alternative forms
- (Courland) kaimõ
Verb
kaim
Scots
Noun
kaim (plural kaims)
Turkish
Alternative forms
- kayım
Etymology
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قائم (ḳaʾim, ḳayım, “that stands erect, perpendicular, rectangular, that exists permanently, especially God, the Existing One, that persists”),[1][2] from Arabic قَائِم (qāʔim), active participle of قَامَ (qāma, “to stand up (to rise from lying or sitting position), to get up”).[3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kaːˈim/
- Hyphenation: ka‧im
Adjective
kaim
- (dated) That which replaces something else.
- (dated) That which stands erect, that which exists.
- (dated, Islam) That which is eternal; God.
Declension
| present tense | ||
|---|---|---|
| positive declarative | positive interrogative | |
| ben (I am) | kaimim | kaim miyim? |
| sen (you are) | kaimsin | kaim misin? |
| o (he/she/it is) | kaim / kaimdir | kaim mi? |
| biz (we are) | kaimiz | kaim miyiz? |
| siz (you are) | kaimsiniz | kaim misiniz? |
| onlar (they are) | kaim(ler) | kaim(ler) mi? |
| past tense | ||
| positive declarative | positive interrogative | |
| ben (I was) | kaimdim | kaim miydim? |
| sen (you were) | kaimdin | kaim miydin? |
| o (he/she/it was) | kaimdi | kaim miydi? |
| biz (we were) | kaimdik | kaim miydik? |
| siz (you were) | kaimdiniz | kaim miydiniz? |
| onlar (they were) | kaimdiler | kaim miydiler? |
| indirect past | ||
| positive declarative | positive interrogative | |
| ben (I was) | kaimmişim | kaim miymişim? |
| sen (you were) | kaimmişsin | kaim miymişsin? |
| o (he/she/it was) | kaimmiş | kaim miymiş? |
| biz (we were) | kaimmişiz | kaim miymişiz? |
| siz (you were) | kaimmişsiniz | kaim miymişsiniz? |
| onlar (they were) | kaimmişler | kaim miymişler? |
| conditional | ||
| positive declarative | positive interrogative | |
| ben (if I) | kaimsem | kaim miysem? |
| sen (if you) | kaimsen | kaim miysen? |
| o (if he/she/it) | kaimse | kaim miyse? |
| biz (if we) | kaimsek | kaim miysek? |
| siz (if you) | kaimseniz | kaim miyseniz? |
| onlar (if they) | kaimseler | kaim miyseler? |
For negative forms, use the appropriate form of değil.
Derived terms
- kaim olmak
Related terms
References
- ^ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قائم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1429
- ^ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قائم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 941
- ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kaim”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Further reading
- “kaim”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kaim”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2339