kaotus
Estonian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑo̯tus/, [ˈkɑo̯tˑus]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɑo̯tus
- Hyphenation: kao‧tus
Noun
kaotus (genitive kaotuse, partitive kaotust)
- loss
- teadvusekaotus ― loss of consciousness
- Vanematele oli ainukese tütre kaotus rängaks hoobiks.
- For the parents, the loss of their only daughter was a big blow.
- (in the plural) losses, damage; casualties (dismounted troops and military equipment in combat)
- defeat
- Synonym: lüüasaamine
- Antonym: võit
Declension
| Declension of kaotus (ÕS type 11/harjutus, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaotus | kaotused | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | kaotuse | ||
| genitive | kaotuste | ||
| partitive | kaotust | kaotusi | |
| illative | kaotusse kaotusesse |
kaotustesse kaotusisse | |
| inessive | kaotuses | kaotustes kaotusis | |
| elative | kaotusest | kaotustest kaotusist | |
| allative | kaotusele | kaotustele kaotusile | |
| adessive | kaotusel | kaotustel kaotusil | |
| ablative | kaotuselt | kaotustelt kaotusilt | |
| translative | kaotuseks | kaotusteks kaotusiks | |
| terminative | kaotuseni | kaotusteni | |
| essive | kaotusena | kaotustena | |
| abessive | kaotuseta | kaotusteta | |
| comitative | kaotusega | kaotustega | |
| Declension of kaotus (ÕS type 9/katus, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaotus | kaotused | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | kaotuse | ||
| genitive | kaotuste | ||
| partitive | kaotust | kaotuseid | |
| illative | kaotusesse | kaotustesse kaotuseisse | |
| inessive | kaotuses | kaotustes kaotuseis | |
| elative | kaotusest | kaotustest kaotuseist | |
| allative | kaotusele | kaotustele kaotuseile | |
| adessive | kaotusel | kaotustel kaotuseil | |
| ablative | kaotuselt | kaotustelt kaotuseilt | |
| translative | kaotuseks | kaotusteks kaotuseiks | |
| terminative | kaotuseni | kaotusteni | |
| essive | kaotusena | kaotustena | |
| abessive | kaotuseta | kaotusteta | |
| comitative | kaotusega | kaotustega | |
Synonyms
- (defeat): lüüasaamine
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “defeat”): võit
Compounds
- ajakaotus
- huvikaotus
- inimkaotus
- isukaotus
- jõukaotus
- kaalukaotus
- loobumiskaotus
- mälukaotus
- pallikaotus
- peakaotus
- punktikaotus
- seljakaotus
- vabadusekaotus
- vabaduskaotus
- verekaotus
- kaotusekibedus
- kaotusepunkt
- kaotusering
- kaotusevalu
- kaotuskibedus
- kaotuspunkt
- kaotusrikas
- kaotusring
- kaotusrohke
- kaotusseis
- kaotusvalu
Related terms
- kaotaja
References
- kaotus in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
- “kaotus”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
Ingrian
Etymology
From kaottaa (“to reduce the number of rows”) + -us. Akin to Estonian kaotus (“loss”).
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑotus/, [ˈkɑo̞tŭz̠]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑotus/, [ˈkɑo̞d̥uʒ̥]
- Rhymes: -ɑotus
- Hyphenation: ka‧o‧tus
Noun
kaotus
Declension
| Declension of kaotus (type 2/petos, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kaotus | kaotukset |
| genitive | kaotuksen | kaotuksiin |
| partitive | kaotusta, kaotust | kaotuksia |
| illative | kaotuksee | kaotuksii |
| inessive | kaotuksees | kaotuksiis |
| elative | kaotuksest | kaotuksist |
| allative | kaotukselle | kaotuksille |
| adessive | kaotukseel | kaotuksiil |
| ablative | kaotukselt | kaotuksilt |
| translative | kaotukseks | kaotuksiks |
| essive | kaotuksenna, kaotukseen | kaotuksinna, kaotuksiin |
| exessive1) | kaotuksent | kaotuksint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 134