kawula

• kaula

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”). Reconstructed as ke- +‎ *wula.

• IPA^(key): [kaˈwula]
• Hyphenation: ka‧wu‧la

kawula (plural kawula-kawula)

1. servant

   Synonyms: abdi, hamba

2. slave

   Synonym: budak

kawula

1. (archaic) I (me, my)

   Synonym: saya

• “kawula” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

kawula

1. romanization of ꦏꦮꦸꦭ

• kaula
• kaola (Bahasa Dalam Brunei)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”).

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /kaulə/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /kaula/
• Rhymes: -ulə, -lə, -ə

kawula

1. (Javanese) slave

kawula

1. (Javanese) I (me, my)

• aku
• saya

• “kawula” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Unknown, probably wula +‎ ka-.

• IPA^(key): /ka.wu.la/
• Rhymes: -la
• Hyphenation: ka‧wu‧la

kawula

1. servant, follower, subject

• > Javanese: ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula) (inherited)
  • → Indonesian: kawula
  • → Malay: kawula, kaola

• "kawula" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.