pirum
See also: pīrum
Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
- Per De Vaan a loanword from an unknown Mediterranean substrate source, original form something like (a)pisom reflected also in Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́πῐον (ắpĭon, “pear”) and ᾰ̓́πῐος (ắpĭos, “pear tree”).[1] Also compare Aramaic 𐡐𐡀𐡓𐡀 (pera, “fruit”).
- Per Trubachyov ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peys-, akin to Latin pinsō, pistus, Proto-Slavic *pьšeno (whence Russian пшено́ (pšenó)). Compare Proto-Slavic *kruša (voiced counterpart: *gruša, whence Russian гру́ша (grúša)) akin to *krušiti (> Russian круши́ть (krušítʹ)).[2]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈpɪ.rũː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈpiː.rum]
Noun
pirum n (genitive pirī); second declension
- a pear (fruit)
Inflection
Second-declension noun (neuter).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | pirum | pira |
| genitive | pirī | pirōrum |
| dative | pirō | pirīs |
| accusative | pirum | pira |
| ablative | pirō | pirīs |
| vocative | pirum | pira |
Derived terms
- perula (Medieval Latin)
- pirācium (noun)
- pirārius (adjective) (Medieval Latin)
- pirifōrmis (adjective)
Related terms
- pirus (“pear tree”)
Descendants
Descendants
- → Proto-Brythonic: *per (see there for further descendants)
- → Proto-West Germanic: *peru (see there for further descendants)
- → Irish: piorra
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- → Scottish Gaelic: peur
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *pira (reanalyzed as feminine singular)
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: [Term?] (diminutive)
- Padanian:
- Friulian: piruç
- Piedmontese: pruss
- Padanian:
References
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pirum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 467
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gruša”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 156
Further reading
- “pĭrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pirum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "pirum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- pirum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.