rjúka

See also: rjuka

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse rjúka, from Proto-Germanic *reukaną. Related to reykur.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈrjuːka/
    Rhymes: -uːka

Verb

rjúka (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative rauk, third-person plural past indicative ruku, supine rokið)

  1. to give off smoke or steam
  2. to rush

Conjugation

rjúka – active voice (germynd)
infinitive nafnháttur rjúka
supine sagnbót rokið
present participle
rjúkandi
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég rýk rauk rjúki ryki
þú rýkur raukst rjúkir rykir
hann, hún, það rýkur rauk rjúki ryki
plural við rjúkum rukum rjúkum rykjum
þið rjúkið rukuð rjúkið rykjuð
þeir, þær, þau rjúka ruku rjúki rykju
imperative boðháttur
singular þú rjúk (þú), rjúktu
plural þið rjúkið (þið), rjúkiði1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
rokinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
rokinn rokin rokið roknir roknar rokin
accusative
(þolfall)
rokinn rokna rokið rokna roknar rokin
dative
(þágufall)
roknum rokinni roknu roknum roknum roknum
genitive
(eignarfall)
rokins rokinnar rokins rokinna rokinna rokinna
weak declension
(veik beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
rokni rokna rokna roknu roknu roknu
accusative
(þolfall)
rokna roknu rokna roknu roknu roknu
dative
(þágufall)
rokna roknu rokna roknu roknu roknu
genitive
(eignarfall)
rokna roknu rokna roknu roknu roknu

Further reading

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *reukaną.

Verb

rjúka (singular past indicative rauk, plural past indicative ruku, past participle rokinn)

  1. to reek, emit smoke or vapor
    1. (impersonal)
      rýkr af einhverjum
      reek rises from someone
  2. to be driven, drifted like smoke
  3. (figuratively) to fly
    sverðit rauk ór hendi hánum
    the sword flew out of his hand

Conjugation

Conjugation of rjúka — active (strong class 2)
infinitive rjúka
present participle rjúkandi
past participle rokinn
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular rýk rauk rjúka ryka
2nd person singular rýkr raukt rjúkir rykir
3rd person singular rýkr rauk rjúki ryki
1st person plural rjúkum rukum rjúkim rykim
2nd person plural rjúkið rukuð rjúkið rykið
3rd person plural rjúka ruku rjúki ryki
imperative present
2nd person singular rjúk
1st person plural rjúkum
2nd person plural rjúkið
Conjugation of rjúka — mediopassive (strong class 2)
infinitive rjúkask
present participle rjúkandisk
past participle rokizk
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular rjúkumk rukumk rjúkumk rykumk
2nd person singular rýksk raukzk rjúkisk rykisk
3rd person singular rýksk rauksk rjúkisk rykisk
1st person plural rjúkumsk rukumsk rjúkimsk rykimsk
2nd person plural rjúkizk rukuzk rjúkizk rykizk
3rd person plural rjúkask rukusk rjúkisk rykisk
imperative present
2nd person singular rjúksk
1st person plural rjúkumsk
2nd person plural rjúkizk

Descendants

  • Icelandic: rjúka
  • Faroese: rúka
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: ryka, ryke, rjuka
  • Old Swedish: riūka
  • Danish: ryge
    • Norwegian Bokmål: ryke

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “rjúka”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive