ruh

See also: Ruh, rüh, and ruħ

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic руһ
Abjad

Etymology

From Old Anatolian Turkish رُوحْ (rūh), from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ruh/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

ruh (definite accusative ruhu, plural ruhlar)

  1. spirit
  2. mind
    Sağlam bədəndə sağlam ruh olar.
    A healthy mind in a healthy body.
  3. ghost

Declension

Declension of ruh
singular plural
nominative ruhruhlar
definite accusative ruhuruhları
dative ruharuhlara
locative ruhdaruhlarda
ablative ruhdanruhlardan
definite genitive ruhunruhların
Possessive forms of ruh
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) ruhum ruhlarım
sənin (“your”) ruhun ruhların
onun (“his/her/its”) ruhu ruhları
bizim (“our”) ruhumuz ruhlarımız
sizin (“your”) ruhunuz ruhlarınız
onların (“their”) ruhu or ruhları ruhları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) ruhumu ruhlarımı
sənin (“your”) ruhunu ruhlarını
onun (“his/her/its”) ruhunu ruhlarını
bizim (“our”) ruhumuzu ruhlarımızı
sizin (“your”) ruhunuzu ruhlarınızı
onların (“their”) ruhunu or ruhlarını ruhlarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) ruhuma ruhlarıma
sənin (“your”) ruhuna ruhlarına
onun (“his/her/its”) ruhuna ruhlarına
bizim (“our”) ruhumuza ruhlarımıza
sizin (“your”) ruhunuza ruhlarınıza
onların (“their”) ruhuna or ruhlarına ruhlarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) ruhumda ruhlarımda
sənin (“your”) ruhunda ruhlarında
onun (“his/her/its”) ruhunda ruhlarında
bizim (“our”) ruhumuzda ruhlarımızda
sizin (“your”) ruhunuzda ruhlarınızda
onların (“their”) ruhunda or ruhlarında ruhlarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) ruhumdan ruhlarımdan
sənin (“your”) ruhundan ruhlarından
onun (“his/her/its”) ruhundan ruhlarından
bizim (“our”) ruhumuzdan ruhlarımızdan
sizin (“your”) ruhunuzdan ruhlarınızdan
onların (“their”) ruhundan or ruhlarından ruhlarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) ruhumun ruhlarımın
sənin (“your”) ruhunun ruhlarının
onun (“his/her/its”) ruhunun ruhlarının
bizim (“our”) ruhumuzun ruhlarımızın
sizin (“your”) ruhunuzun ruhlarınızın
onların (“their”) ruhunun or ruhlarının ruhlarının

Derived terms

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).

Noun

ruh

  1. soul
  2. (chess) rook
    Synonyms: tura, qale

Declension

Declension of ruh
singular plural
nominative ruh ruhlar
genitive ruhnıñ ruhlarnıñ
dative ruhqa ruhlarğa
accusative ruhnı ruhlarnı
locative ruhta ruhlarda
ablative ruhtan ruhlardan

Derived terms

References

Gagauz

Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish رُوحْ (rūh), from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ). Compare Turkish ruh, Azerbaijani ruh. Unrelated to duh (spirit), which is a borrowing from Russian.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ruh/

Noun

ruh (definite accusative ruhu, plural ruhlar)

  1. spirit (spiritual material)
    Synonym: duh
  2. soul (an individual spirit)
  3. mind
  4. (philosophy, religion) geist, spirit, soul, ghost (spiritual source)
    Ayoz Ruh
    the Holy Spirit

Declension

Declension of ruh
singular (tekil) plural (çoğul)
nominative (yalın) ruh ruhlar
definite accusative (belirtme) ruhu ruhları
dative (yönelme) ruha ruhlara
locative (bulunma) ruhta ruhlarda
ablative (çıkma) ruhtan ruhlardan
genitive (tamlayan) ruhun ruhların

Derived terms

Further reading

  • Kopuşçu M. İ. , Todorova S. A. , Kiräkova T.İ., editors (2019), Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 5-12, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 135
  • Mavrodi M. F., editor (2019), Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 1-4, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 66

Indonesian

Etymology

From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”).

Pronunciation

Noun

ruh (plural ruh-ruh)

  1. (nonstandard) alternative spelling of roh (“spirit, soul, life”)

Mizo

Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruʔ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rus.

Noun

ruh

  1. bone

Adjective

ruh

  1. hard
  2. boney

References

  • Matisoff, James A., Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman, University of California Press.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz. Cognate with Middle Low German rūch, Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, rou (Dutch ruig, ruw, rouw), Old High German rūh (German rau).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ruːx/

Adjective

rūh

  1. rough, hairy
    • Min broðer ys ruh and ic eom smeðe ― my brother is hairy and I am smooth. (Genesis)

Declension

with stem rūg-:

Declension of rūh — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative rūh rūh rūh
Accusative rūgne rūge rūh
Genitive rūges rūgre rūges
Dative rūgum rūgre rūgum
Instrumental rūge rūgre rūge
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative rūge rūga, rūge rūh
Accusative rūge rūga, rūge rūh
Genitive rūgra rūgra rūgra
Dative rūgum rūgum rūgum
Instrumental rūgum rūgum rūgum
Declension of rūh — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative rūga rūge rūge
Accusative rūgan rūgan rūge
Genitive rūgan rūgan rūgan
Dative rūgan rūgan rūgan
Instrumental rūgan rūgan rūgan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative rūgan rūgan rūgan
Accusative rūgan rūgan rūgan
Genitive rūgra, rūgena rūgra, rūgena rūgra, rūgena
Dative rūgum rūgum rūgum
Instrumental rūgum rūgum rūgum

with stem rūw-:

Declension of rūh — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative rūh rūh rūh
Accusative rūwne rūwe rūh
Genitive rūwes rūwre rūwes
Dative rūwum rūwre rūwum
Instrumental rūwe rūwre rūwe
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative rūwe rūwa, rūwe rūh
Accusative rūwe rūwa, rūwe rūh
Genitive rūwra rūwra rūwra
Dative rūwum rūwum rūwum
Instrumental rūwum rūwum rūwum
Declension of rūh — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative rūwa rūwe rūwe
Accusative rūwan rūwan rūwe
Genitive rūwan rūwan rūwan
Dative rūwan rūwan rūwan
Instrumental rūwan rūwan rūwan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative rūwan rūwan rūwan
Accusative rūwan rūwan rūwan
Genitive rūwra, rūwena rūwra, rūwena rūwra, rūwena
Dative rūwum rūwum rūwum
Instrumental rūwum rūwum rūwum

Descendants

  • Middle English: roughe, rugh
    • English: rough
    • Scots: roch
    • Yola: rugh

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz, whence also Old English rūh.

Adjective

rūh

  1. rough

Descendants

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish روح (ruh), from Old Anatolian Turkish روح (rūḥ), from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”), from Proto-West Semitic *rūḥ-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɾuh/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

ruh (definite accusative ruhu, plural ruhlar or (dated) ervah)

  1. soul, spirit
    Synonym: tin

Declension

Declension of ruh
singular plural
nominative ruh ruhlar
definite accusative ruhu ruhları
dative ruha ruhlara
locative ruhta ruhlarda
ablative ruhtan ruhlardan
genitive ruhun ruhların

Derived terms

Uzbek

Other scripts
Yangi Imlo
Cyrillic руҳ‍
Latin ruh‍
Perso-Arabic
(Afghanistan)

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”).

Noun

ruh (plural ruhlar)

  1. ghost, soul, spirit

Declension

Declension of ruh
singular plural
nominative ruh ruhlar
genitive ruhning ruhlarning
dative ruhga ruhlarga
definite accusative ruhni ruhlarni
locative ruhda ruhlarda
ablative ruhdan ruhlardan
similative ruhdek ruhlardek
Possessive forms of ruh
1st person singular
singular plural
nominative ruhim ruhlarim
genitive ruhimning ruhlarimning
dative ruhimga ruhlarimga
definite accusative ruhimni ruhlarimni
locative ruhimda ruhlarimda
ablative ruhimdan ruhlarimdan
similative ruhimdek ruhlarimdek
2nd person singular
singular plural
nominative ruhing ruhlaring
genitive ruhingning ruhlaringning
dative ruhingga ruhlaringga
definite accusative ruhingni ruhlaringni
locative ruhingda ruhlaringda
ablative ruhingdan ruhlaringdan
similative ruhingdek ruhlaringdek
3rd person singular
singular plural
nominative ruhi ruhlari
genitive ruhining ruhlarining
dative ruhiga ruhlariga
definite accusative ruhini ruhlarini
locative ruhida ruhlarida
ablative ruhidan ruhlaridan
similative ruhidek ruhlaridek
1st person plural
singular plural
nominative ruhimiz ruhlarimiz
genitive ruhimizning ruhlarimizning
dative ruhimizga ruhlarimizga
definite accusative ruhimizni ruhlarimizni
locative ruhimizda ruhlarimizda
ablative ruhimizdan ruhlarimizdan
similative ruhimizdek ruhlarimizdek
2nd person plural
singular plural
nominative ruhingiz ruhlaringiz
genitive ruhingizning ruhlaringizning
dative ruhingizga ruhlaringizga
definite accusative ruhingizni ruhlaringizni
locative ruhingizda ruhlaringizda
ablative ruhingizdan ruhlaringizdan
similative ruhingizdek ruhlaringizdek
3rd person plural
singular plural
nominative ruhi ruhlari
genitive ruhining ruhlarining
dative ruhiga ruhlariga
definite accusative ruhini ruhlarini
locative ruhida ruhlarida
ablative ruhidan ruhlaridan
similative ruhidek ruhlaridek

Zazaki

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɾuː/
  • Hyphenation: ruh

Noun

ruh

  1. soul, spirit
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