ruru

See also: ru rú

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Maori ruru. First use in English appears c. 1842.

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɹuːɹuː/
  • Audio (Southern England):(file)

Noun

ruru (plural rurus)

  1. (New Zealand) The morepork.

Maori

Etymology 1

Probably onomatopoeic (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ruru

  1. A morepork (a type of owl).

Etymology 2

From Proto-Oceanic *ruru (compare with Hawaiian lulu, Tahitian ruru, Tongan ū)[1] from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duŋduŋ “sheltered”[2] – compare with similar verbs across the Austronesian family with a *-duŋ ending like *tuduŋ (“head cover” – compare with Tagalog turong, Malay tudung) and *linduŋ (compare with Malay lindung “to protect”).

Verb

ruru

  1. to enclose, to close together
  2. to take shelter

Adjective

ruru

  1. sheltered
    Synonym: marumaru

Noun

ruru

  1. shelter
    Synonyms: maru, pāruru, tāwharau, whakamarumaru
  2. shade
    Synonym: maru

Derived terms

  • kōruru
  • pāruru
  • pōruru
  • ruruhau
  • whakaruru

References

  1. ^ Tregear, Edward (1891) Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary‎[1], Wellington, New Zealand: Lyon and Blair, pages 435-6
  2. ^ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “ruru”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551-559

Further reading

  • Williams, Herbert William (1917) “ruru”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 411
  • “ruru” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Old Tupi

Etymology 1

Adjective

ruru (noun form ruru)

  1. swollen
    Synonym: pungá
  2. pregnant
    Synonym: puru'a
Declension
    Declension of ruru (oral vowel ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative moruru
Deadjectivals
-ba'e i ruruba'e
-sab(a) rurûaba / rurusaba
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative xe ruru nde ruru i ruru oré ruru îandé ruru pe ruru
Imperative
Permissive ta xe ruru ta nde ruru t'i ruru t'oré ruru t'îandé ruru ta pe ruru
Negative indicative na xe ruruî na nde ruruî n'i ruruî n'oré ruruî n'îandé ruruî na pe ruruî
Negative imperative nde ruru umẽ pe ruru umẽ
Negative permissive ta xe ruru umẽ ta nde ruru umẽ t'i ruru umẽ t'oré ruru umẽ t'îandé ruru umẽ ta pe ruru umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative xe rururamo nde rururamo o rururamo oré rururamo îandé rururamo pe rururamo
Negative xe rurue'ymamo nde rurue'ymamo o rurue'ymamo oré rurue'ymamo îandé rurue'ymamo pe rurue'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative ruru
Negative rurue'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative same as gerund1
xe ruruû2 i ruruû2 oré ruruû2 îandé ruruû2
Negative same as gerund1
xe rurue'ymi2 i rurue'ymi2 oré rurue'ymi2 îandé rurue'ymi2
1South Tupi
2North Tupi
  • gûyrarurunhe'engetá
  • kûaruru

Noun

ruru (possessable)

  1. swelling
    Synonym: pungá
  2. pregnancy
  • rurunhynga

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

ruru

  1. R1 of uru

Further reading

Quechua

Noun

ruru

  1. fruit, seed, pit
  2. product, produce
  3. egg
  4. testicle

Declension

Declension of ruru
singular plural
nominative ruru rurukuna
accusative ruruta rurukunata
dative ruruman rurukunaman
genitive rurup rurukunap
locative rurupi rurukunapi
terminative rurukama rurukunakama
ablative rurumanta rurukunamanta
instrumental ruruwan rurukunawan
comitative ruruntin rurukunantin
abessive rurunnaq rurukunannaq
comparative ruruhina rurukunahina
causative rururayku rurukunarayku
benefactive rurupaq rurukunapaq
associative rurupura rurukunapura
distributive rurunka rurukunanka
exclusive rurulla rurukunalla
Possessive forms of ruru
ñuqap - first-person singular
ñuqap (my) singular plural
nominative ruruy ruruykuna
accusative ruruyta ruruykunata
dative ruruyman ruruykunaman
genitive ruruypa ruruykunap
locative ruruypi ruruykunapi
terminative ruruykama ruruykunakama
ablative ruruymanta ruruykunamanta
instrumental ruruywan ruruykunawan
comitative ruruynintin ruruykunantin
abessive ruruyninnaq ruruykunannaq
comparative ruruyhina ruruykunahina
causative ruruyrayku ruruykunarayku
benefactive ruruypaq ruruykunapaq
associative ruruypura ruruykunapura
distributive ruruyninka ruruykunanka
exclusive ruruylla ruruykunalla
qampa - second-person singular
qampa (your) singular plural
nominative ruruyki ruruykikuna
accusative ruruykita ruruykikunata
dative ruruykiman ruruykikunaman
genitive ruruykipa ruruykikunap
locative ruruykipi ruruykikunapi
terminative ruruykikama ruruykikunakama
ablative ruruykimanta ruruykikunamanta
instrumental ruruykiwan ruruykikunawan
comitative ruruykintin ruruykikunantin
abessive ruruykinnaq ruruykikunannaq
comparative ruruykihina ruruykikunahina
causative ruruykirayku ruruykikunarayku
benefactive ruruykipaq ruruykikunapaq
associative ruruykipura ruruykikunapura
distributive ruruykinka ruruykikunanka
exclusive ruruykilla ruruykikunalla
paypa - third-person singular
paypa (his/her/its) singular plural
nominative rurun rurunkuna
accusative rurunta rurunkunata
dative rurunman rurunkunaman
genitive rurunpa rurunkunap
locative rurunpi rurunkunapi
terminative rurunkama rurunkunakama
ablative rurunmanta rurunkunamanta
instrumental rurunwan rurunkunawan
comitative rurunintin rurunkunantin
abessive rurunninnaq rurunkunannaq
comparative rurunhina rurunkunahina
causative rurunrayku rurunkunarayku
benefactive rurunpaq rurunkunapaq
associative rurunpura rurunkunapura
distributive ruruninka rurunkunanka
exclusive rurunlla rurunkunalla
ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural
ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) singular plural
nominative rurunchik rurunchikkuna
accusative rurunchikta rurunchikkunata
dative rurunchikman rurunchikkunaman
genitive rurunchikpa rurunchikkunap
locative rurunchikpi rurunchikkunapi
terminative rurunchikkama rurunchikkunakama
ablative rurunchikmanta rurunchikkunamanta
instrumental rurunchikwan rurunchikkunawan
comitative rurunchiknintin rurunchikkunantin
abessive rurunchikninnaq rurunchikkunannaq
comparative rurunchikhina rurunchikkunahina
causative rurunchikrayku rurunchikkunarayku
benefactive rurunchikpaq rurunchikkunapaq
associative rurunchikpura rurunchikkunapura
distributive rurunchikninka rurunchikkunanka
exclusive rurunchiklla rurunchikkunalla
ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural
ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural
nominative ruruyku ruruykukuna
accusative ruruykuta ruruykukunata
dative ruruykuman ruruykukunaman
genitive ruruykupa ruruykukunap
locative ruruykupi ruruykukunapi
terminative ruruykukama ruruykukunakama
ablative ruruykumanta ruruykukunamanta
instrumental ruruykuwan ruruykukunawan
comitative ruruykuntin ruruykukunantin
abessive ruruykunnaq ruruykukunannaq
comparative ruruykuhina ruruykukunahina
causative ruruykurayku ruruykukunarayku
benefactive ruruykupaq ruruykukunapaq
associative ruruykupura ruruykukunapura
distributive ruruykunka ruruykukunanka
exclusive ruruykulla ruruykukunalla
qamkunap - second-person plural
qamkunap (your(pl)) singular plural
nominative ruruykichik ruruykichikkuna
accusative ruruykichikta ruruykichikkunata
dative ruruykichikman ruruykichikkunaman
genitive ruruykichikpa ruruykichikkunap
locative ruruykichikpi ruruykichikkunapi
terminative ruruykichikkama ruruykichikkunakama
ablative ruruykichikmanta ruruykichikkunamanta
instrumental ruruykichikwan ruruykichikkunawan
comitative ruruykichiknintin ruruykichikkunantin
abessive ruruykichikninnaq ruruykichikkunannaq
comparative ruruykichikhina ruruykichikkunahina
causative ruruykichikrayku ruruykichikkunarayku
benefactive ruruykichikpaq ruruykichikkunapaq
associative ruruykichikpura ruruykichikkunapura
distributive ruruykichikninka ruruykichikkunanka
exclusive ruruykichiklla ruruykichikkunalla
paykunap - third-person plural
paykunap (their) singular plural
nominative rurunku rurunkukuna
accusative rurunkuta rurunkukunata
dative rurunkuman rurunkukunaman
genitive rurunkupa rurunkukunap
locative rurunkupi rurunkukunapi
terminative rurunkukama rurunkukunakama
ablative rurunkumanta rurunkukunamanta
instrumental rurunkuwan rurunkukunawan
comitative rurunkuntin rurunkukunantin
abessive rurunkunnaq rurunkukunannaq
comparative rurunkuhina rurunkukunahina
causative rurunkurayku rurunkukunarayku
benefactive rurunkupaq rurunkukunapaq
associative rurunkupura rurunkukunapura
distributive rurunkunka rurunkukunanka
exclusive rurunkulla rurunkukunalla

See also

Tahitian

Verb

ruru

  1. tie

Ternate

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɾu.ɾu/

Noun

ruru

  1. sago midrib

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɾu.ɾu/

Noun

ruru

  1. a leaf dustpan

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɾu.ɾu/

Verb

ruru

  1. (intransitive) to drift
Conjugation
Conjugation of ruru
singular plural
inclusive exclusive
1st person toruru foruru miruru
2nd person noruru niruru
3rd
person 		masculine oruru iruru
yoruru (archaic)
feminine moruru
neuter iruru

References

  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

West Makian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈru.ru/

Noun

ruru

  1. ashes

References

  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[2], Pacific linguistics
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