septentrio

• Septentriō
• septemtriō, Septemtriō

From septem (“seven”) +‎ triō (“plow ox”; “Ursa Major”, “Ursa Minor”), from terō (“to rub”), the Latin name of both Ursa Major and Ursa Minor, from their appearance of milling around the north celestial pole.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [sɛpˈtɛn.tri.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [sepˈt̪ɛn̪.t̪ri.o]

septentriō m (genitive septentriōnis); third declension

1. Ursa Major, Charles' Wain, the Big Dipper

   Synonym: Helicē, Arctus maior

   • ca. 64 BCE – 17 CE, Hyginus mythicus, Fabulae Calisto (177):

     Hic ergo Septentrio maior ... Haec igitur ursa a Graecis Helice appellatur.

     This is then the Big Dipper... It is therefore called the Helice bear by the Greeks.

2. Ursa Minor, the constellation including the most recent pole star

   Synonym: Cynosūra

3. The north

   Synonym: boreās, aquilō, arctus

   • c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 2.126.8:

     ā septentriōne et occidente sicciōrēs quam ā merīdiē et oriente

     from the North and West they [winds] are drier than from the South or East

4. the north wind, the wind god Boreas

   Synonym: Boreās, Aquilō

Third-declension noun.

• (north wind): boreās

• (antonym(s) of “north wind”): auster, merīdiēs

compass points:  ^[edit]

• septentriōnālis

• “septentrio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “septentrio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• septentrio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to lie to the east, west, south, north: spectare in (vergere ad) orientem (solem), occidentem (solem), ad meridiem, in septentriones
    
  • to be situate to the north-west: spectare inter occasum solis et septentriones
    
  • a hill lies to the north: est a septentrionibus collis
    
  • to stretch northwards: porrigi ad septentriones
    
• “septentriōnēs” on page 1917/2 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)