Translingual
Etymology
Abbreviation of English Sami, Inari or Inari Sami aanaarsämikielâ.
Symbol
smn
- (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Inari Sami.
See also
- Wiktionary’s coverage of Inari Sami terms
English
Pronoun
smn
- (text messaging) Abbreviation of someone.
Egyptian
Etymology 1
s- (causative prefix) + mn (“to be established, to remain”).
Pronunciation
- (reconstructed) IPA(key): /siˈmiːnit/, /ˈsimnit/ → /siˈmiːniʔ/, /ˈsimniʔ/ → /səˈmiːna/, /ˈsemna/ → /səˈmiːnə/, /ˈsemnə/
Verb
caus. 2-lit.
- (transitive) to establish, to fix, to set
- (transitive) to set up, to fix, to set firmly in place (a throne, a crown, a person, ornaments) (+ n: for (someone); + ḥr: on)
- (transitive) to set up, to lastingly establish (something abstract: borders, laws, righteousness, festivals, someone’s rank, etc.)
c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE,
Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 23–24:
- smn mꜣꜥt n nb.s rdjw sꜣ r jsft
- Righteousness has been established for its possessor, and the back is turned on wrong.
- (transitive) to finish creating, to establish, to make fast (the sky or earth)
- (transitive) to erect, to establish, to build (a building, part of a building, monument, or stela) (+ ḥr, m, or r: at (a place))
- (transitive) to reattach (severed body parts)
- (transitive) to fortify (the heart/mind), to make firm, steadfast, unwavering, stouthearted, especially in battle
c. 1900 BCE,
The Instructions of Kagemni (
pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.5–1.6:
- jw jkn n(j) mw ꜥḫm.f jbt jw mḥ{t}⟨w⟩ r(ꜣ) m šww smn.f jb
- For a cup of water quenches thirst, for a mouthful of šww-herbs makes the heart firm.
- (transitive) to make (one’s legs or feet) steadfast or firm of step
- (transitive) to tighten (a knot), to secure (a rope)
- (transitive) to set (a person) upright, on one's feet (as opposed to lying down, inverted, etc.)
- (transitive) to appoint (a person) (+ m: to (an office))
- (transitive) to make endure, stay, remain (+ ḥr: upon (a place))
- (transitive) to immortalize in writing, to write down with the intention of preserving
- (transitive) to bring (a land) into order
- (reflexive) to settle or fix oneself in place, to plant oneself (+ m: in (something); + r ḥꜣt: in front of (someone); + r: against (someone))
- (reflexive, imperative) hold position, stand fast
- (intransitive, Late Egyptian) to stand still, to not move
- (intransitive, Late Egyptian) to hold position in battle (+ r ḥꜣt: in the face of; + ḥr: on (the battlefield))
- (intransitive, Late Egyptian) to halt, to stop moving
- (intransitive, Late Egyptian) to stick, to stay, to remain fixed, to endure
- (intransitive, Late Egyptian) to dwell, to stay in a place
- (intransitive, Late Egyptian) to be found at a place
Usage notes
The infinitive of this verb is treated as feminine.
Inflection
Conjugation of smn (causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.) — base stem: smn
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
smnt, smn
|
smnw, smn
|
smnt
|
smn
|
smn
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
smn
|
ḥr smn
|
m smn
|
r smn
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
smn.n
|
smnw, smn
|
consecutive
|
smn.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
smnt
|
| perfective3
|
smn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
smn.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
smn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
smnw, smn, smny
|
smnw, smn, smny
|
potentialis1
|
smn.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
smn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
smn.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
smn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
smn
|
smn, smnw5, smny5
|
| imperfective
|
smn, smny, smnw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
smn, smnj6, smny6
|
smn, smnw5
|
| prospective
|
smn, smntj7
|
—
|
smnwtj1 4, smntj4, smnt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of smn
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|
|
|
|
|
| smn
|
smn
|
smn
|
smn
|
smn
|
| [Old Kingdom]
|
[since the Middle Kingdom]
|
[since the Middle Kingdom]
|
[since the Middle Kingdom]
|
[Late Period]
|
|
|
|
|
in hieratic
|
rare
|
Descendants
- Akhmimic Coptic: ⲥⲙⲓⲛⲉ (smine)
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ (semni)
- Fayyumic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ (semni), ⲥⲙⲓⲛⲓ (smini)
- Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲥⲙⲛⲛⲉ (smnne)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲙⲓⲛⲉ (smine)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Noun
m
- a kind of goose
Inflection
Declension of smn (masculine)
| singular
|
smn
|
| dual
|
smnwj
|
| plural
|
smnw
|
Descendants
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲙⲟⲩⲛⲉ (smoune)
References
- “smn (lemma ID 851677)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
- “smn (lemma ID 135180)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[2], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[3], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 131–134.22, 136.2–136.4
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 228
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 157, 210.
- ^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 53