tonggak

Related to tunggak.

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈtɔŋɡaʔ/ [ˈt̪oŋ.ɡaʔ]
• Syllabification: tong‧gak

tonggak

1. vertical beam (a large vertical piece of timber or iron)
2. pole, pillar (a long object for construction or support)

   Synonym: tiang

3. milestone (one of a series of numbered markers placed along a road at regular intervals)

   Synonyms: batu, pal

4. stump, treestump (the remains of a tree that has been cut off)

   Synonyms: tunggak, tunggul

5. (figurative) base, source
6. (chiefly obsolete) a quiet person

   Synonym: pendiam

An alternative form of a word.

tonggak (active menonggak, passive ditonggak)

1. alternative form of tunggak

Perhaps related to teguk and tenggak.

tonggak (active menonggak, passive ditonggak)

1. (obsolete) to pour (something) into one's mouth

• “tonggak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Doublet of tunggak. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

tonggak (Jawi spelling توڠݢق, plural tonggak-tonggak)

1. straight, pointed plant shoot (of bamboo and mangroves)

   Synonyms: pucuk, rebung (of bamboo)

2. buttress roots (of banyan etc.)

   Synonym: banir

3. stump, treestump (the remains of a tree that has been cut off)

   Synonyms: tunggak, tunggul

4. vertical beam (a large vertical piece of timber or iron)
5. pole, pillar (a long object for construction or support)

   Synonyms: tiang, turus, tunggak

6. (figurative) base, source

   Synonyms: pangkal, punca, tunjang

7. (figurative) belief

   Synonyms: pegangan, tiang

8. (Indonesia) milestone (one of a series of numbered markers placed along a road at regular intervals)

   Synonyms: batu, pal

9. (chiefly obsolete) a very quiet person

   Synonym: pendiam

Perhaps related to teguk and tenggak. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

tonggak (active menonggak, passive ditonggak)

1. (obsolete) to pour (something) into one's mouth

   Synonym: teguk

• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “تڠݢق tonggak”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 171
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “tonggak”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 599

• “tonggak” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.