tyggja

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse tyggva, tyggja (to chew), from Proto-Germanic *kewwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtʰɪcːa/
    Rhymes: -ɪcːa

Verb

tyggja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative tuggði, supine tuggið)

  1. to chew, to masticate [with accusative]

Conjugation

tyggja – active voice (germynd)
infinitive nafnháttur tyggja
supine sagnbót tuggið
present participle
tyggjandi
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég tygg tuggði tyggji tyggði
þú tyggur tuggðir tyggjir tyggðir
hann, hún, það tyggur tuggði tyggji tyggði
plural við tyggjum tuggðum tyggjum tyggðum
þið tyggjið tuggðuð tyggjið tyggðuð
þeir, þær, þau tyggja tuggðu tyggji tyggðu
imperative boðháttur
singular þú tygg (þú), tyggðu
plural þið tyggjið (þið), tyggjiði1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
tyggjast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive nafnháttur tyggjast
supine sagnbót tuggist
present participle
tyggjandist (rare; see appendix)
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég tyggst tuggðist tyggjist tyggðist
þú tyggst tuggðist tyggjist tyggðist
hann, hún, það tyggst tuggðist tyggjist tyggðist
plural við tyggjumst tuggðumst tyggjumst tyggðumst
þið tyggjist tuggðust tyggjist tyggðust
þeir, þær, þau tyggjast tuggðust tyggjist tyggðust
imperative boðháttur
singular þú tyggst (þú), tyggstu
plural þið tyggist (þið), tyggisti1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
tugginn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
tugginn tuggin tuggið tuggðir tuggðar tuggin
accusative
(þolfall)
tugginn tuggða tuggið tuggða tuggðar tuggin
dative
(þágufall)
tuggðum tugginni tuggðu tuggðum tuggðum tuggðum
genitive
(eignarfall)
tuggins tugginnar tuggins tugginna tugginna tugginna
weak declension
(veik beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
tuggði tuggða tuggða tuggðu tuggðu tuggðu
accusative
(þolfall)
tuggða tuggðu tuggða tuggðu tuggðu tuggðu
dative
(þágufall)
tuggða tuggðu tuggða tuggðu tuggðu tuggðu
genitive
(eignarfall)
tuggða tuggðu tuggða tuggðu tuggðu tuggðu

Derived terms

See also

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Norse tyggja and tyggva, from Proto-Germanic *kewwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-. Akin to English chew.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tʏjːɑ/, /tʏʝɑ/

Verb

tyggja (present tense tygg, past tense togg, past participle togge, passive infinitive tyggjast, present participle tyggjande, imperative tygg)

  1. to chew

References

Old Norse

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kewwaną.

Verb

tyggja (singular past indicative tǫgg, plural past indicative tuggu, past participle togginn)

  1. to chew

Conjugation

Conjugation of tyggja — active (strong class 3)
infinitive tyggja
present participle tyggjandi
past participle togginn
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular tygg tǫgg tyggja tygga
2nd person singular tyggr tǫggt tyggir tyggir
3rd person singular tyggr tǫgg tyggi tyggi
1st person plural tyggjum tuggum tyggim tyggim
2nd person plural tyggið tugguð tyggið tyggið
3rd person plural tyggja tuggu tyggi tyggi
imperative present
2nd person singular tygg
1st person plural tyggjum
2nd person plural tyggið
Conjugation of tyggja — mediopassive (strong class 3)
infinitive tyggjask
present participle tyggjandisk
past participle toggizk
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular tyggjumk tuggumk tyggjumk tyggumk
2nd person singular tyggsk tǫggzk tyggisk tyggisk
3rd person singular tyggsk tǫggsk tyggisk tyggisk
1st person plural tyggjumsk tuggumsk tyggimsk tyggimsk
2nd person plural tyggizk tugguzk tyggizk tyggizk
3rd person plural tyggjask tuggusk tyggisk tyggisk
imperative present
2nd person singular tyggsk
1st person plural tyggjumsk
2nd person plural tyggizk

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “tyggja”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive