werian
Old English
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwer.jɑn/, [ˈwerˠ.jɑn]
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *waʀjan, from Proto-Germanic *wazjaną. Cognate with Old Saxon werian, Old High German werien, Old Norse verja.
Verb
werian
- to use, put on, wear (clothes, ornaments, etc.)
- late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans
- Be þām hringum man meahte witan hwæt Rōmāna duguþe ġefeallen wæs, for þon þe hit wæs þēaw mid him on þām dagum þæt nān ōðer ne mōste gyldenne hring werian būtan hē æðeles cynnes wǣre.
- You could tell by the rings how much of the Roman nobility had fallen, because the custom back then was that no one could wear a gold ring unless they were from a noble family.
- late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans
Conjugation
Conjugation of werian (weak, class 1)
| infinitive | werian | werienne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
| first person singular | werie | werede |
| second person singular | werest | weredest |
| third person singular | wereþ | werede |
| plural | weriaþ | weredon |
| subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
| singular | werie | werede |
| plural | werien | wereden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | were | |
| plural | weriaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| weriende | (ġe)wered | |
Derived terms
- ġewerian
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-West Germanic *warjan.
Cognate with Old Saxon werian, Middle Dutch weren (Dutch weren), Old High German werien (German wehren), Old Norse verja (Swedish värja).
Verb
werian
- to hinder, restrain; to dam up
- to defend, protect
- "Widsith":
- Wulfhere sohte ic ond Wyrmhere; ful oft þær wig ne alæg,
þonne Hræda here heardum sweordum,
ymb Wistlawudu wergan sceoldon
ealdne ēþelstōl Ætlan leodum.- I sought Wulfhere and Wyrmhere; battle did not abate there
when the Gothic army with hard swords
had to defend in the Vistula woods
their ancient homeland from Attila's folk.
- I sought Wulfhere and Wyrmhere; battle did not abate there
- "Widsith":
Conjugation
Conjugation of werian (weak, class 1)
| infinitive | werian | werienne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
| first person singular | werie | werede |
| second person singular | werest | weredest |
| third person singular | wereþ | werede |
| plural | weriaþ | weredon |
| subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
| singular | werie | werede |
| plural | werien | wereden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | were | |
| plural | weriaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| weriende | (ġe)wered | |
Descendants
Etymology 3
From Proto-West Germanic *weʀēn, from Proto-West Germanic *weʀēn, from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to remain, dwell”).
Verb
werian
Conjugation
Conjugation of werian (weak, class 2)
| infinitive | werian | werienne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
| first person singular | weriġe | werode |
| second person singular | werast | werodest |
| third person singular | weraþ | werode |
| plural | weriaþ | werodon |
| subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
| singular | weriġe | werode |
| plural | weriġen | weroden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | wera | |
| plural | weriaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| weriende | (ġe)werod | |
Related terms
Descendants
- Middle English: weren