zürnen
German
Etymology
From Middle High German zürnen, from Old High German zurnen.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtsʏrnən/, [ˈt͡sʏʁ.nən], [ˈt͡sʏɐ̯-], [-nn̩]
Audio: (file)
Verb
zürnen (weak, third-person singular present zürnt, past tense zürnte, past participle gezürnt, auxiliary haben)
- (dated or literary) to be angry [(optional) with dative ‘with’]
- Gott zürnte dem sündigen Volk.
- God was wrathful with the sinful people.
- Für dieses Wort zürnte er seiner Frau noch lange.
- For this word he remained angry at his wife for quite long.
- 1787, Friedrich Schiller, Don Karlos, Infant von Spanien, 4. Akt, 9. Auftritt; republished as R. D. Boylan, transl., (Please provide a date or year):
- Der König zürnt, / Und meine schöne Mutter weint.
- The king is angry, and my mother weeps.
Usage notes
- In a general sense the word is now rare in all registers. It is still used in literary German in specific contexts, especially of God and other moral authorities, or otherwise for lasting, deep-rooted anger.
Conjugation
Conjugation of zürnen (weak, auxiliary haben)
| infinitive | zürnen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | zürnend | ||||
| past participle | gezürnt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich zürne | wir zürnen | i | ich zürne | wir zürnen |
| du zürnst | ihr zürnt | du zürnest | ihr zürnet | ||
| er zürnt | sie zürnen | er zürne | sie zürnen | ||
| preterite | ich zürnte | wir zürnten | ii | ich zürnte1 | wir zürnten1 |
| du zürntest | ihr zürntet | du zürntest1 | ihr zürntet1 | ||
| er zürnte | sie zürnten | er zürnte1 | sie zürnten1 | ||
| imperative | zürn (du) zürne (du) |
zürnt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Composed forms of zürnen (weak, auxiliary haben)