τρέχω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • τράχω (trákhō) — Doric

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to run, drag”), suppleted in the future and aorist tenses with *drem- (“to run”).[1]

    Pronunciation

     

    Verb

    τρέχω • (trékhō)

    1. (of people) to run
      1. (of things) to move quickly
    2. to run over
      1. to run a course, a heat

    Inflection

    The verb is suppleted with forms from δρᾰμέομαι (drăméomai), for the future and aorist (from *δρέμω (*drémō)). The synonym θέω (théō) also is suppleted by the same forms.

       Present: τρέχω
    number singular dual plural
    first second third second third first second third
    active indicative τρέχω τρέχεις τρέχει τρέχετον τρέχετον τρέχομεν τρέχετε τρέχουσῐ(ν)
    subjunctive τρέχω τρέχῃς τρέχῃ τρέχητον τρέχητον τρέχωμεν τρέχητε τρέχωσῐ(ν)
    optative τρέχοιμῐ τρέχοις τρέχοι τρέχοιτον τρεχοίτην τρέχοιμεν τρέχοιτε τρέχοιεν
    imperative   τρέχε τρεχέτω τρέχετον τρεχέτων   τρέχετε τρεχόντων
    active
    infinitive τρέχειν
    participle m τρέχων
    f τρέχουσᾰ
    n τρέχον
    Notes:
    This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
       Imperfect: ἔτρεχον
    number singular dual plural
    first second third second third first second third
    active indicative ἔτρεχον ἔτρεχες ἔτρεχε(ν) ἐτρέχετον ἐτρεχέτην ἐτρέχομεν ἐτρέχετε ἔτρεχον
    Notes:
    This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
       Future: θρέξομαι
    number singular dual plural
    first second third second third first second third
    middle indicative θρέξομαι θρέξῃ,
    θρέξει     		θρέξεται θρέξεσθον θρέξεσθον θρεξόμεθᾰ θρέξεσθε θρέξονται
    optative θρεξοίμην θρέξοιο θρέξοιτο θρέξοισθον θρεξοίσθην θρεξοίμεθᾰ θρέξοισθε θρέξοιντο
    middle
    infinitive θρέξεσθαι
    participle m θρεξόμενος
    f θρεξομένη
    n θρεξόμενον
    Notes:
    This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
       Future: δρᾰμέομαι (Uncontracted)
    number singular dual plural
    first second third second third first second third
    middle indicative δρᾰμέομαι δρᾰμέῃ,
    δρᾰμέει     		δρᾰμέεται δρᾰμέεσθον δρᾰμέεσθον δρᾰμεόμεθᾰ δρᾰμέεσθε δρᾰμέονται
    optative δρᾰμεοίμην δρᾰμέοιο δρᾰμέοιτο δρᾰμέοισθον δρᾰμεοίσθην δρᾰμεοίμεθᾰ δρᾰμέοισθε δρᾰμέοιντο
    middle
    infinitive δρᾰμέεσθαι
    participle m δρᾰμεόμενος
    f δρᾰμεομένη
    n δρᾰμεόμενον
    Notes:
    This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
       Future: δρᾰμοῦμαι (Contracted)
    number singular dual plural
    first second third second third first second third
    middle indicative δρᾰμοῦμαι δρᾰμῇ δρᾰμεῖται δρᾰμεῖσθον δρᾰμεῖσθον δρᾰμούμεθᾰ δρᾰμεῖσθε δρᾰμοῦνται
    optative δρᾰμοίμην δρᾰμοῖο δρᾰμοῖτο δρᾰμοῖσθον δρᾰμοίσθην δρᾰμοίμεθᾰ δρᾰμοῖσθε δρᾰμοῖντο
    middle
    infinitive δρᾰμεῖσθαι
    participle m δρᾰμούμενος
    f δρᾰμουμένη
    n δρᾰμούμενον
    Notes:
    This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
       Aorist: ἔθρεξᾰ
    number singular dual plural
    first second third second third first second third
    active indicative ἔθρεξᾰ ἔθρεξᾰς ἔθρεξε(ν) ἐθρέξᾰτον ἐθρεξᾰ́την ἐθρέξᾰμεν ἐθρέξᾰτε ἔθρεξᾰν
    subjunctive θρέξω θρέξῃς θρέξῃ θρέξητον θρέξητον θρέξωμεν θρέξητε θρέξωσῐ(ν)
    optative θρέξαιμῐ θρέξειᾰς,
    θρέξαις     		θρέξειε(ν),
    θρέξαι     		θρέξαιτον θρεξαίτην θρέξαιμεν θρέξαιτε θρέξειᾰν,
    θρέξαιεν
    imperative   θρέξον θρεξᾰ́τω θρέξᾰτον θρεξᾰ́των   θρέξᾰτε θρεξᾰ́ντων
    active
    infinitive θρέξαι
    participle m θρέξᾱς
    f θρέξᾱσᾰ
    n θρέξᾰν
    Notes:
    This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
       Aorist: ἔδρᾰμον
    number singular dual plural
    first second third second third first second third
    active indicative ἔδρᾰμον ἔδρᾰμες ἔδρᾰμε(ν) ἐδρᾰ́μετον ἐδρᾰμέτην ἐδρᾰ́μομεν ἐδρᾰ́μετε ἔδρᾰμον
    subjunctive δρᾰ́μω δρᾰ́μῃς δρᾰ́μῃ δρᾰ́μητον δρᾰ́μητον δρᾰ́μωμεν δρᾰ́μητε δρᾰ́μωσῐ(ν)
    optative δρᾰ́μοιμῐ δρᾰ́μοις δρᾰ́μοι δρᾰ́μοιτον δρᾰμοίτην δρᾰ́μοιμεν δρᾰ́μοιτε δρᾰ́μοιεν
    imperative   δρᾰ́με δρᾰμέτω δρᾰ́μετον δρᾰμέτων   δρᾰ́μετε δρᾰμόντων
    active
    infinitive δρᾰμεῖν
    participle m δρᾰμών
    f δρᾰμοῦσᾰ
    n δρᾰμόν
    Notes:
    This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
       Perfect: δεδρᾰ́μηκᾰ
    number singular dual plural
    first second third second third first second third
    active indicative δεδρᾰ́μηκᾰ δεδρᾰ́μηκᾰς δεδρᾰ́μηκε(ν) δεδρᾰμήκᾰτον δεδρᾰμήκᾰτον δεδρᾰμήκᾰμεν δεδρᾰμήκᾰτε δεδρᾰμήκᾱσῐ(ν)
    subjunctive δεδρᾰμήκω δεδρᾰμήκῃς δεδρᾰμήκῃ δεδρᾰμήκητον δεδρᾰμήκητον δεδρᾰμήκωμεν δεδρᾰμήκητε δεδρᾰμήκωσῐ(ν)
    optative δεδρᾰμήκοιμῐ,
    δεδρᾰμηκοίην     		δεδρᾰμήκοις,
    δεδρᾰμηκοίης     		δεδρᾰμήκοι,
    δεδρᾰμηκοίη     		δεδρᾰμήκοιτον δεδρᾰμηκοίτην δεδρᾰμήκοιμεν δεδρᾰμήκοιτε δεδρᾰμήκοιεν
    imperative   δεδρᾰ́μηκε δεδρᾰμηκέτω δεδρᾰμήκετον δεδρᾰμηκέτων   δεδρᾰμήκετε δεδρᾰμηκόντων
    active
    infinitive δεδρᾰμηκέναι
    participle m δεδρᾰμηκώς
    f δεδρᾰμηκυῖᾰ
    n δεδρᾰμηκός
    Notes:
    This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

    Descendants

    • Greek: τρέχω (trécho)
    • Mariupol Greek: дрэ́ху (dréxu)
    • Translingual: → Trechus

    References

    1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τρέχω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1506-7

    Further reading

    Greek

    Etymology

    Inherited from Ancient Greek τρέχω (trékhō), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to run”).

    Verb

    τρέχω • (trécho) (past έτρεξα, passive —)

    1. to run, move quickly, sprint
      Έτρεξα για να προλάβω το τρένο.
      Étrexa gia na prolávo to tréno.
      I ran to catch the train.
    2. to flee, run away
    3. to flow, flow from, run
      Τρέχει η μύτη μου.
      Tréchei i mýti mou.
      My nose is running.
      Το ποτάμι τρέχει
      To potámi tréchei
      The river flows.
    4. to run, execute (a computer or computer program)
      Θα μπορούμε να τρέχουμε προγράμματα Windows.
      Tha boroúme na tréchoume prográmmata Windows.
      We shall be able to run Windows programs.

    Conjugation

    τρέχω   (active forms only)
    Active voice ➤
    Indicative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect ➤ Perfective aspect ➤
    Non-past tenses ➤ Present ➤ Dependent ➤
    1 sg τρέξω
    2 sg τρέχεις τρέξεις
    3 sg τρέχει τρέξει
    1 pl τρέχουμε, [‑ομε] τρέξουμε, [‑ομε]
    2 pl τρέχετε τρέξετε
    3 pl τρέχουν(ε) τρέξουν(ε)
    Past tenses ➤ Imperfect ➤ Simple past ➤
    1 sg έτρεχα έτρεξα
    2 sg έτρεχες έτρεξες
    3 sg έτρεχε έτρεξε
    1 pl τρέχαμε τρέξαμε
    2 pl τρέχατε τρέξατε
    3 pl έτρεχαν, τρέχαν(ε) έτρεξαν, τρέξαν(ε)
    Future tenses ➤ Continuous ➤ Simple ➤
    1 sg θα ➤ θα τρέξω ➤
    2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl θα τρέχεις, … θα τρέξεις, …
    Perfect aspect ➤
    Present perfect ➤   έχω, έχεις, … τρέξει  
    Past perfect ➤   είχα, είχες, … τρέξει  
    Future perfect ➤   θα έχω, θα έχεις, … τρέξει  
    Subjunctive mood ➤ Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας).
    Imperative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect Perfective aspect
    2 sg τρέχε τρέξε, τρέχα
    2 pl τρέχετε τρέξτε, τρεχάτε
    Other forms
    Active present participle ➤   τρέχοντας1 ➤
    Active perfect participle ➤   έχοντας τρέξει ➤
    Passive perfect participle ➤ —
    Nonfinite form ➤   τρέξει
    Notes  
     
    Appendix:Greek verbs     		 1. Also formal present participle ο τρέχων, η τρέχουσα, το τρέχον (“currently in effect”).
     • Plus forms τρεχούμενος, -η, -ο, τρεχάμενος, -η, -ο with endings of passive perfect participles
     • (…) optional or informal.   […] rare.   {…} learned, archaic.
     • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency.
     • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive.
    This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.