آرمان
Persian
Alternative forms
- ارمان (armân) (archaic)
Etymology
According to Henning and Herzenberg, probably borrowed from Proto-Sogdic *rm''n.[1][2] According to Herzenberg, probably related to the Old Avestan root *ar (“to move, set in motion”),[3][4] which is from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (whence English run). Unrelated to English arm which is from *h₂er-. Unrelated to Armenia, ارمن (arman, “Armenia”). Unrelated to Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽 (arman), Vandalic *arman.
First attested in the Shāhnāma, 1010.[5]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ʔaːɾ.ˈmaːn/, /ʔaɾ.ˈmaːn/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɑːɾ.mɑ́ːn]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɒːɹ.mɒ́ːn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɔɾ.mɔ́n]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | ārmān, armān |
| Dari reading? | ārmān |
| Iranian reading? | ârmân |
| Tajik reading? | ormon |
Noun
آرمان • (ārmān / ârmân) (plural آرمانها (ārmān-hā / ârmân-hâ), Tajik spelling ормон)
- ideal, will, goal
- Synonyms: ایدهآل (ide âl), هدف (hadaf)
- hope, desire
- (obsolete) sorrow, grief
- c. 1360, Ibn Yamīn, “Ruba'i 449”, in دیوان ابن یمین [Dīvān of Ibn Yamīn][3]:
- خواهد شدن از تن نظر جان زایل
ناگشته بجز حسرت و ارمان حاصل- xwāhad šudan az tan nazar-i jān zāyil
nāgašta ba joz hasrat u armān hāsil - The view of my soul/beloved will be erased from my flesh,
For I have gained naught but longing and grief.
- xwāhad šudan az tan nazar-i jān zāyil
Derived terms
- آرمانشهر (ârmân-šahr, “utopia”)
Proper noun
آرمان • (ārmān / ârmân) (Tajik spelling Ормон)
- a male given name, Arman
References
- ^ Henning, W. B. (1939) “Sogdian Loan-Words in New Persian”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies[1], volume 10, number 1, page 95
- ^ Herzenberg, L. G. (2011) “Studies in Persian Etymology I”, in Acta Linguistica Petropolitana[2], volume 7, number 1, page 213 of 201–224
- ^ Uesugi, Heindio, Catt, Adam Alvah, editors (2024), Old Avestan Dictionary (Asian and African Lexicon; 67), Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, →ISBN, page 28
- ^ https://lrc.la.utexas.edu/lex/master/0498
- ^ شاهنامه (in Persian), 1010; English translation from Shahnameh, The Persian Book of Kings, Penguin Books, 2016:
- (please add the primary text of this quotation)
- Campaigning in Arman, Afrasyab chose two Turkish chieftains, one named Shamasas and the other Khazbaran, gave them a force of thirty thousand cavalry, and sent them to march on Zavolestan, where they were to attack Zal.