سخن

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

From the root س خ ن (s ḵ n). Compare Aramaic שחן.

Pronunciation

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Verb

سَخُنَ or سَخَنَ • (saḵuna or saḵana) I (non-past يَسْخُنُ (yasḵunu), verbal noun سُخُونَة (suḵūna) or سَخَانَة (saḵāna))
سَخِنَ • (saḵina) I (non-past يَسْخَنُ (yasḵanu), verbal noun سَخَن (saḵan) or سُخْنَة (suḵna))

  1. to be hot, to become hot
  2. to be ill, to become ill
Conjugation
Conjugation of سَخُنَ, سَخَنَ (I, sound, u/a ~ u, no passive, verbal nouns سُخُونَة, سَخَانَة)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
سُخُونَة, سَخَانَة
suḵūna, saḵāna
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
سَاخِن, سَخِين, سُخْن
sāḵin, saḵīn, suḵn
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سَخُنْتُ, سَخَنْتُ
saḵuntu, saḵantu
سَخُنْتَ, سَخَنْتَ
saḵunta, saḵanta
سَخُنَ, سَخَنَ
saḵuna, saḵana
سَخُنْتُمَا, سَخَنْتُمَا
saḵuntumā, saḵantumā
سَخُنَا, سَخَنَا
saḵunā, saḵanā
سَخُنَّا, سَخَنَّا
saḵunnā, saḵannā
سَخُنْتُمْ, سَخَنْتُمْ
saḵuntum, saḵantum
سَخُنُوا, سَخَنُوا
saḵunū, saḵanū
f سَخُنْتِ, سَخَنْتِ
saḵunti, saḵanti
سَخُنَتْ, سَخَنَتْ
saḵunat, saḵanat
سَخُنَتَا, سَخَنَتَا
saḵunatā, saḵanatā
سَخُنْتُنَّ, سَخَنْتُنَّ
saḵuntunna, saḵantunna
سَخُنَّ, سَخَنَّ
saḵunna, saḵanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَسْخُنُ
ʔasḵunu
تَسْخُنُ
tasḵunu
يَسْخُنُ
yasḵunu
تَسْخُنَانِ
tasḵunāni
يَسْخُنَانِ
yasḵunāni
نَسْخُنُ
nasḵunu
تَسْخُنُونَ
tasḵunūna
يَسْخُنُونَ
yasḵunūna
f تَسْخُنِينَ
tasḵunīna
تَسْخُنُ
tasḵunu
تَسْخُنَانِ
tasḵunāni
تَسْخُنَّ
tasḵunna
يَسْخُنَّ
yasḵunna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَسْخُنَ
ʔasḵuna
تَسْخُنَ
tasḵuna
يَسْخُنَ
yasḵuna
تَسْخُنَا
tasḵunā
يَسْخُنَا
yasḵunā
نَسْخُنَ
nasḵuna
تَسْخُنُوا
tasḵunū
يَسْخُنُوا
yasḵunū
f تَسْخُنِي
tasḵunī
تَسْخُنَ
tasḵuna
تَسْخُنَا
tasḵunā
تَسْخُنَّ
tasḵunna
يَسْخُنَّ
yasḵunna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَسْخُنْ
ʔasḵun
تَسْخُنْ
tasḵun
يَسْخُنْ
yasḵun
تَسْخُنَا
tasḵunā
يَسْخُنَا
yasḵunā
نَسْخُنْ
nasḵun
تَسْخُنُوا
tasḵunū
يَسْخُنُوا
yasḵunū
f تَسْخُنِي
tasḵunī
تَسْخُنْ
tasḵun
تَسْخُنَا
tasḵunā
تَسْخُنَّ
tasḵunna
يَسْخُنَّ
yasḵunna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m اُسْخُنْ
usḵun
اُسْخُنَا
usḵunā
اُسْخُنُوا
usḵunū
f اُسْخُنِي
usḵunī
اُسْخُنَّ
usḵunna
Conjugation of سَخِنَ (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal nouns سَخَن, سُخْنَة)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
سَخَن, سُخْنَة
saḵan, suḵna
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
سَاخِن, سَخِين, سُخْن
sāḵin, saḵīn, suḵn
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سَخِنْتُ
saḵintu
سَخِنْتَ
saḵinta
سَخِنَ
saḵina
سَخِنْتُمَا
saḵintumā
سَخِنَا
saḵinā
سَخِنَّا
saḵinnā
سَخِنْتُمْ
saḵintum
سَخِنُوا
saḵinū
f سَخِنْتِ
saḵinti
سَخِنَتْ
saḵinat
سَخِنَتَا
saḵinatā
سَخِنْتُنَّ
saḵintunna
سَخِنَّ
saḵinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَسْخَنُ
ʔasḵanu
تَسْخَنُ
tasḵanu
يَسْخَنُ
yasḵanu
تَسْخَنَانِ
tasḵanāni
يَسْخَنَانِ
yasḵanāni
نَسْخَنُ
nasḵanu
تَسْخَنُونَ
tasḵanūna
يَسْخَنُونَ
yasḵanūna
f تَسْخَنِينَ
tasḵanīna
تَسْخَنُ
tasḵanu
تَسْخَنَانِ
tasḵanāni
تَسْخَنَّ
tasḵanna
يَسْخَنَّ
yasḵanna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَسْخَنَ
ʔasḵana
تَسْخَنَ
tasḵana
يَسْخَنَ
yasḵana
تَسْخَنَا
tasḵanā
يَسْخَنَا
yasḵanā
نَسْخَنَ
nasḵana
تَسْخَنُوا
tasḵanū
يَسْخَنُوا
yasḵanū
f تَسْخَنِي
tasḵanī
تَسْخَنَ
tasḵana
تَسْخَنَا
tasḵanā
تَسْخَنَّ
tasḵanna
يَسْخَنَّ
yasḵanna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَسْخَنْ
ʔasḵan
تَسْخَنْ
tasḵan
يَسْخَنْ
yasḵan
تَسْخَنَا
tasḵanā
يَسْخَنَا
yasḵanā
نَسْخَنْ
nasḵan
تَسْخَنُوا
tasḵanū
يَسْخَنُوا
yasḵanū
f تَسْخَنِي
tasḵanī
تَسْخَنْ
tasḵan
تَسْخَنَا
tasḵanā
تَسْخَنَّ
tasḵanna
يَسْخَنَّ
yasḵanna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m اِسْخَنْ
isḵan
اِسْخَنَا
isḵanā
اِسْخَنُوا
isḵanū
f اِسْخَنِي
isḵanī
اِسْخَنَّ
isḵanna

Etymology 1.2

Verb

سَخَّنَ • (saḵḵana) II (non-past يُسَخِّنُ (yusaḵḵinu), verbal noun تَسْخِين (tasḵīn))

  1. (transitive) to heat
Conjugation
Conjugation of سَخَّنَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَسْخِين)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
تَسْخِين
tasḵīn
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
مُسَخِّن
musaḵḵin
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مُسَخَّن
musaḵḵan
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سَخَّنْتُ
saḵḵantu
سَخَّنْتَ
saḵḵanta
سَخَّنَ
saḵḵana
سَخَّنْتُمَا
saḵḵantumā
سَخَّنَا
saḵḵanā
سَخَّنَّا
saḵḵannā
سَخَّنْتُمْ
saḵḵantum
سَخَّنُوا
saḵḵanū
f سَخَّنْتِ
saḵḵanti
سَخَّنَتْ
saḵḵanat
سَخَّنَتَا
saḵḵanatā
سَخَّنْتُنَّ
saḵḵantunna
سَخَّنَّ
saḵḵanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُسَخِّنُ
ʔusaḵḵinu
تُسَخِّنُ
tusaḵḵinu
يُسَخِّنُ
yusaḵḵinu
تُسَخِّنَانِ
tusaḵḵināni
يُسَخِّنَانِ
yusaḵḵināni
نُسَخِّنُ
nusaḵḵinu
تُسَخِّنُونَ
tusaḵḵinūna
يُسَخِّنُونَ
yusaḵḵinūna
f تُسَخِّنِينَ
tusaḵḵinīna
تُسَخِّنُ
tusaḵḵinu
تُسَخِّنَانِ
tusaḵḵināni
تُسَخِّنَّ
tusaḵḵinna
يُسَخِّنَّ
yusaḵḵinna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُسَخِّنَ
ʔusaḵḵina
تُسَخِّنَ
tusaḵḵina
يُسَخِّنَ
yusaḵḵina
تُسَخِّنَا
tusaḵḵinā
يُسَخِّنَا
yusaḵḵinā
نُسَخِّنَ
nusaḵḵina
تُسَخِّنُوا
tusaḵḵinū
يُسَخِّنُوا
yusaḵḵinū
f تُسَخِّنِي
tusaḵḵinī
تُسَخِّنَ
tusaḵḵina
تُسَخِّنَا
tusaḵḵinā
تُسَخِّنَّ
tusaḵḵinna
يُسَخِّنَّ
yusaḵḵinna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُسَخِّنْ
ʔusaḵḵin
تُسَخِّنْ
tusaḵḵin
يُسَخِّنْ
yusaḵḵin
تُسَخِّنَا
tusaḵḵinā
يُسَخِّنَا
yusaḵḵinā
نُسَخِّنْ
nusaḵḵin
تُسَخِّنُوا
tusaḵḵinū
يُسَخِّنُوا
yusaḵḵinū
f تُسَخِّنِي
tusaḵḵinī
تُسَخِّنْ
tusaḵḵin
تُسَخِّنَا
tusaḵḵinā
تُسَخِّنَّ
tusaḵḵinna
يُسَخِّنَّ
yusaḵḵinna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m سَخِّنْ
saḵḵin
سَخِّنَا
saḵḵinā
سَخِّنُوا
saḵḵinū
f سَخِّنِي
saḵḵinī
سَخِّنَّ
saḵḵinna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سُخِّنْتُ
suḵḵintu
سُخِّنْتَ
suḵḵinta
سُخِّنَ
suḵḵina
سُخِّنْتُمَا
suḵḵintumā
سُخِّنَا
suḵḵinā
سُخِّنَّا
suḵḵinnā
سُخِّنْتُمْ
suḵḵintum
سُخِّنُوا
suḵḵinū
f سُخِّنْتِ
suḵḵinti
سُخِّنَتْ
suḵḵinat
سُخِّنَتَا
suḵḵinatā
سُخِّنْتُنَّ
suḵḵintunna
سُخِّنَّ
suḵḵinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُسَخَّنُ
ʔusaḵḵanu
تُسَخَّنُ
tusaḵḵanu
يُسَخَّنُ
yusaḵḵanu
تُسَخَّنَانِ
tusaḵḵanāni
يُسَخَّنَانِ
yusaḵḵanāni
نُسَخَّنُ
nusaḵḵanu
تُسَخَّنُونَ
tusaḵḵanūna
يُسَخَّنُونَ
yusaḵḵanūna
f تُسَخَّنِينَ
tusaḵḵanīna
تُسَخَّنُ
tusaḵḵanu
تُسَخَّنَانِ
tusaḵḵanāni
تُسَخَّنَّ
tusaḵḵanna
يُسَخَّنَّ
yusaḵḵanna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُسَخَّنَ
ʔusaḵḵana
تُسَخَّنَ
tusaḵḵana
يُسَخَّنَ
yusaḵḵana
تُسَخَّنَا
tusaḵḵanā
يُسَخَّنَا
yusaḵḵanā
نُسَخَّنَ
nusaḵḵana
تُسَخَّنُوا
tusaḵḵanū
يُسَخَّنُوا
yusaḵḵanū
f تُسَخَّنِي
tusaḵḵanī
تُسَخَّنَ
tusaḵḵana
تُسَخَّنَا
tusaḵḵanā
تُسَخَّنَّ
tusaḵḵanna
يُسَخَّنَّ
yusaḵḵanna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُسَخَّنْ
ʔusaḵḵan
تُسَخَّنْ
tusaḵḵan
يُسَخَّنْ
yusaḵḵan
تُسَخَّنَا
tusaḵḵanā
يُسَخَّنَا
yusaḵḵanā
نُسَخَّنْ
nusaḵḵan
تُسَخَّنُوا
tusaḵḵanū
يُسَخَّنُوا
yusaḵḵanū
f تُسَخَّنِي
tusaḵḵanī
تُسَخَّنْ
tusaḵḵan
تُسَخَّنَا
tusaḵḵanā
تُسَخَّنَّ
tusaḵḵanna
يُسَخَّنَّ
yusaḵḵanna

Etymology 1.3

Adjective

سُخْن • (suḵn) (feminine سُخْنَة (suḵna), elative أَسْخَن (ʔasḵan))

  1. hot
  2. warm
Declension
Declension of adjective سُخْن (suḵn)
singular masculine feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
indefinite definite indefinite definite
informal سُخْن
suḵn
السُّخْن
as-suḵn
سُخْنَة
suḵna
السُّخْنَة
as-suḵna
nominative سُخْنٌ
suḵnun
السُّخْنُ
as-suḵnu
سُخْنَةٌ
suḵnatun
السُّخْنَةُ
as-suḵnatu
accusative سُخْنًا
suḵnan
السُّخْنَ
as-suḵna
سُخْنَةً
suḵnatan
السُّخْنَةَ
as-suḵnata
genitive سُخْنٍ
suḵnin
السُّخْنِ
as-suḵni
سُخْنَةٍ
suḵnatin
السُّخْنَةِ
as-suḵnati
dual masculine feminine
indefinite definite indefinite definite
informal سُخْنَيْن
suḵnayn
السُّخْنَيْن
as-suḵnayn
سُخْنَتَيْن
suḵnatayn
السُّخْنَتَيْن
as-suḵnatayn
nominative سُخْنَانِ
suḵnāni
السُّخْنَانِ
as-suḵnāni
سُخْنَتَانِ
suḵnatāni
السُّخْنَتَانِ
as-suḵnatāni
accusative سُخْنَيْنِ
suḵnayni
السُّخْنَيْنِ
as-suḵnayni
سُخْنَتَيْنِ
suḵnatayni
السُّخْنَتَيْنِ
as-suḵnatayni
genitive سُخْنَيْنِ
suḵnayni
السُّخْنَيْنِ
as-suḵnayni
سُخْنَتَيْنِ
suḵnatayni
السُّخْنَتَيْنِ
as-suḵnatayni
plural masculine feminine
plural unknown sound feminine plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
informal ? ? سُخْنَات
suḵnāt
السُّخْنَات
as-suḵnāt
nominative ? ? سُخْنَاتٌ
suḵnātun
السُّخْنَاتُ
as-suḵnātu
accusative ? ? سُخْنَاتٍ
suḵnātin
السُّخْنَاتِ
as-suḵnāti
genitive ? ? سُخْنَاتٍ
suḵnātin
السُّخْنَاتِ
as-suḵnāti

References

  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “سخن”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Persian

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Iranian *cánhati; see there for more.

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? suxan, saxun, suxun, saxan
Dari reading? suxan
Iranian reading? soxan
Tajik reading? suxan

Noun

سخن • (suxan / soxan) (plural سخنان (suxanān / soxanân), Tajik spelling сухан)

  1. speech

Derived terms

South Levantine Arabic

Root
س خ ن
2 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic سَخَنَ (saḵana).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sa.xan/, [ˈsa.xan]
  • Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

Verb

سخن • (saḵan) I (present بسخن (bosḵon))

  1. (intransitive) to become hot, to heat up
Conjugation
Conjugation of سخن
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m سخنت (saḵant) سخنت (saḵant) سخن (saḵan) سخننا (saḵanna) سخنتو (saḵantu) سخنو (saḵanu)
f سخنتي (saḵanti) سخنت (saḵnat)
present m بسخن (basḵon) بتسخن (btosḵon) بسخن (bosḵon) منسخن (mnosḵon) بتسخنو (btosḵonu) بسخنو (bosḵonu)
f بتسخني (btosḵoni) بتسخن (btosḵon)
subjunctive m أسخن (ʔasḵon) تسخن (tosḵon) يسخن (yosḵon) نسخن (nosḵon) تسخنو (tosḵonu) يسخنو (yosḵonu)
f تسخني (tosḵoni) تسخن (tosḵon)
imperative m اسخن (osḵon) اسخنو (osḵonu)
f اسخني (osḵoni)
See also
Temperature · حرارة (ḥarāra)
Cold Warm Hot Hot (Weather) Very Hot
Noun برد (bard) دفا (dafa) حرّ (ḥarr) شوب (šōb) حمّ (ḥamm)
Verb برد (barad) دفي (difi) سخن (saḵan) شوّب (šawwab) حمي (ḥimi)
Adjective بارد (bāred) دافي (dāfi) سخن (suḵn), حارّ (ḥārr) مشوّب (mšawweb) حامي (ḥāmi)
Feeling بردان (bardān) دفيان (dafyān) شوبان (šōbān) حميان (ḥamyān)

Etymology 2

From Arabic سَخَّنَ (saḵḵana).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sax.xan/, [ˈsax.xan]
  • Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

Verb

سخّن • (saḵḵan) II (present بسخّن (bisaḵḵen))

  1. (transitive) to heat up, to warm up
    Synonym: دفّى (daffa)
    Antonym: برّد (barrad)
Conjugation
Conjugation of سخن
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m سخّنت (saḵḵant) سخّنت (saḵḵant) سخّن (saḵḵan) سخّننا (saḵḵanna) سخّنتو (saḵḵantu) سخّنو (saḵḵanu)
f سخّنتي (saḵḵanti) سخّنت (saḵḵanat)
present m بسخّن (basaḵḵin) بتسخّن (bitsaḵḵin) بسخّن (bisaḵḵin) منسخّن (minsaḵḵin) بتسخّنو (bitsaḵḵnu) بسخّنو (bisaḵḵnu)
f بتسخّني (bitsaḵḵni) بتسخّن (bitsaḵḵin)
subjunctive m اسخّن (asaḵḵin) تسخّن (tsaḵḵin) يسخّن (ysaḵḵin) نسخّن (nsaḵḵin) تسخّنو (tsaḵḵnu) يسخّنو (ysaḵḵnu)
f تسخّني (tsaḵḵni) تسخّن (tsaḵḵin)
imperative m سخّن (saḵḵin) سخّنو (saḵḵnu)
f سخّني (saḵḵni)

Etymology 3

From Arabic سُخْن (suḵn).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /suxn/, [ˈsˤʊ.x(ʊ)n]
  • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

Adjective

سخن • (suḵn) (feminine سخنة (suḵne), elative أسخن (ʔasḵan))

  1. hot, warm (of things)
See also
Temperature · حرارة (ḥarāra)
Cold Warm Hot Hot (Weather) Very Hot
Noun برد (bard) دفا (dafa) حرّ (ḥarr) شوب (šōb) حمّ (ḥamm)
Verb برد (barad) دفي (difi) سخن (saḵan) شوّب (šawwab) حمي (ḥimi)
Adjective بارد (bāred) دافي (dāfi) سخن (suḵn), حارّ (ḥārr) مشوّب (mšawweb) حامي (ḥāmi)
Feeling بردان (bardān) دفيان (dafyān) شوبان (šōbān) حميان (ḥamyān)