فردوس
Arabic
Etymology
An Iranian borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah. According to Eilers, an Iranian form *parādēs, which resembles the very common broken plural pattern فَعَالِيق (faʕālīq), was perhaps borrowed as a plural فَرَادِيس (farādīs) and the singular فِرْدَوْس (firdaws) created as a back-formation from it.[1] However, the plural فَرَادِيس (farādīs) could have been borrowed from Ancient Greek παράδεισος (parádeisos) instead.
Noun
فِرْدَوْس • (firdaws) m or f (plural فَرَادِيس (farādīs))
- a group of gardens, Elysium, Eden, heaven, Heaven, paradise
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | فِرْدَوْس firdaws |
الْفِرْدَوْس al-firdaws |
فِرْدَوْس firdaws |
| nominative | فِرْدَوْسٌ firdawsun |
الْفِرْدَوْسُ al-firdawsu |
فِرْدَوْسُ firdawsu |
| accusative | فِرْدَوْسًا firdawsan |
الْفِرْدَوْسَ al-firdawsa |
فِرْدَوْسَ firdawsa |
| genitive | فِرْدَوْسٍ firdawsin |
الْفِرْدَوْسِ al-firdawsi |
فِرْدَوْسِ firdawsi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | فِرْدَوْسَيْن firdawsayn |
الْفِرْدَوْسَيْن al-firdawsayn |
فِرْدَوْسَيْ firdawsay |
| nominative | فِرْدَوْسَانِ firdawsāni |
الْفِرْدَوْسَانِ al-firdawsāni |
فِرْدَوْسَا firdawsā |
| accusative | فِرْدَوْسَيْنِ firdawsayni |
الْفِرْدَوْسَيْنِ al-firdawsayni |
فِرْدَوْسَيْ firdawsay |
| genitive | فِرْدَوْسَيْنِ firdawsayni |
الْفِرْدَوْسَيْنِ al-firdawsayni |
فِرْدَوْسَيْ firdawsay |
| plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | فَرَادِيس farādīs |
الْفَرَادِيس al-farādīs |
فَرَادِيس farādīs |
| nominative | فَرَادِيسُ farādīsu |
الْفَرَادِيسُ al-farādīsu |
فَرَادِيسُ farādīsu |
| accusative | فَرَادِيسَ farādīsa |
الْفَرَادِيسَ al-farādīsa |
فَرَادِيسَ farādīsa |
| genitive | فَرَادِيسَ farādīsa |
الْفَرَادِيسِ al-farādīsi |
فَرَادِيسِ farādīsi |
Related terms
- اَلْفِرْدَوْس (al-firdaws)
- فِرْدَوْسِيّ (firdawsiyy)
Descendants
- Hijazi Arabic: فردوس (firdōs)
- → Classical Persian: فردوس (firdaus)
- → Old Anatolian Turkish: فردوس (firdevs)
References
- ^ Eilers, Wilhelm (1962) “Iranisches Lehngut im arabischen Lexikon”, in Indo-Iranian Journal[1] (in German), volume 5, number 3, , page 206
Malay
Noun
فردوس
Proper noun
فردوس
Old Anatolian Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws, “paradise, Heaven”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah.
Noun
فردوس • (firdevs) (definite accusative فردوسی (firdevsi), plural فرادیس (ferādis))
- garden, park, any outdoor, luxuriant area where plants are grown for ornamental purposes
- (religion) Heaven, paradise, the abode of God or the gods, when considered as a specific location
Derived terms
- فردوسی (firdevsī, “heavenly, paradisiac”)
Descendants
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish فردوس (firdevs), from Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws, “paradise, Heaven”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah.
Noun
فردوس • (firdevs) (definite accusative فردوسی (firdevsi), plural فرادیس (feradis))
- (originally) garden, park, any outdoor, luxuriant area where plants are grown for ornamental purposes
- (religion) Heaven, paradise, the abode of God or the gods, when considered as a specific location
Derived terms
- فردوس آشیان (firdevs aşiyan, “deceased, received to Glory”)
- فردوسی (firdevsî, “heavenly, paradisiac”)
Descendants
- Turkish: firdevs
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “firdevs”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1596
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “firdevs”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 320
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فردوس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 892
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Paradisus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 1240
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “فردوس”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 3492
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “firdevs”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فردوس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1374
Pashto
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fɪrˈd̪aws/
Noun
فردوس • (firdaws) m
- the highest level of paradise
Synonyms
- جنت (jannat)
Persian
Etymology
Reborrowed from Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah, like the native پالیز (pâlêz, pâliz).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /fiɾ.ˈdaws/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [fɪɾ.d̪ǽws]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [feɹ.d̪óws]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [fiɾ.d̪ǽws]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | firdaws |
| Dari reading? | firdaws |
| Iranian reading? | ferdows |
| Tajik reading? | firdavs |
Noun
فردوس • (firdaws / ferdows) (plural فرادیس (farādīs / farâdis), Tajik spelling фирдавс)
Synonyms
Derived terms
- فردوسی (ferdowsi)
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian فردوس (firdaws), from Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah.
Noun
فردوس • (firdaus) m (Hindi spelling फ़िरदौस)