چرخ
Iraqi Arabic
Etymology
From Persian چرخ (čarx, “wheel”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃarix/
Noun
چرخ (čarix) m
Derived terms
- چرخچي (čarxači)
- چراخ (čarrāx)
Khalaj
Noun
چَرخ (çarx) (definite accusative چَرخؽ, plural چَرخلار)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | چرخ | چرخلار |
| genitive | چرخؽݧ | چرخلارؽݧ |
| dative | چرخقا | چرخلارقا |
| definite accusative | چرخؽ | چرخلارؽ |
| locative | چرخچا | چرخلارچا |
| ablative | چرخدا | چرخلاردا |
| instrumental | چرخلا | چرخلارلا |
| equative | چرخوارا | چرخلاروارا |
Ottoman Turkish
Alternative forms
- چرق (çark)
Etymology
Borrowed from Persian چرخ (čarx, “wheel”), from Middle Persian 𐫝𐫍𐫡 (chr /čahr/, “wheel, cycle”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *čaxrám.
Noun
چرخ • (çarh, çark)
- wheel, a circular device capable of rotating on its axis
- (in general) rotation, turning, circular motion of any kind
- (by extension) machine, any device that directs and controls energy
- Synonym: ماكینه (makina)
- crossbow, a mechanised weapon based on the bow and arrow
- Synonym: زنبرك (zenberek)
- catapult, any device or weapon for throwing or launching large objects
- Synonym: منجنیق (mancınık)
Derived terms
- چرخ ایشی (çarh işi, “machine-work, lathe-work”)
- چرخ فلك (çarh-ı felek, “Catherine wheel”)
- چرخاب (çarhab, “Persian water-wheel”)
- چرخجی (çarhcı, “engineer”)
- چرخزن (çarhzen, “crossbow man”)
- چرخلتمق (çarhlatmak, “to make or let be turned”)
- چرخلمق (çarhlamak, “to turn or work in a lathe”)
- چرخلنمق (çarhlanmak, “to be turned or worked in a lathe”)
- چرخلو (çarhlı, “provided with wheels”)
- چرخه طوتمق (çarha tutmak, “to meet with misfortunes”)
Descendants
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “çark2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 890
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “çarh”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 185
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “چرخ”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 469
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Rota”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 1491
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “چرخ”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 1599
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “çark”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “چرخ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 717b
Persian
Etymology
From Middle Persian 𐫝𐫍𐫡 (chr /čahr/, “wheel, cycle”), from Proto-Iranian *čaxrám (compare Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀 (caxra, “wheel”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám (compare Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá)), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“wheel, circle”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃaɾx/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [t͡ʃʰäɾx]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [t͡ʃʰæɹx]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [t͡ʃʰäɾχ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | čarx |
| Dari reading? | čarx |
| Iranian reading? | čarx |
| Tajik reading? | čarx |
Noun
| Dari | چرخ |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | чарх |
چَرْخ • (čarx) (plural چرخ‌ها)
- wheel
- cart
- sewing machine
- Synonym: چرخ خیاطی (čarx xayyâti)
- (dialectal) spool, pulley
- (poetic) sky
- (rare) circle