ܐܬܪܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology
| Root |
|---|
| ܐ ܬ ܪ (ˀ t r) |
| 1 term |
Inherited from Aramaic אַתְרָא (ʾaṯrā, “country; idem”), from Proto-Semitic *ʔaṯar-; cognate to Hebrew אֲשֶׁר (ashér, relative pronoun), אֲתָר (atár, “site”), Ge'ez አሰር (ʾäsär), አሠር (ʾäśär, “trace, vestige; way, road; relic”), Arabic أَثَر (ʔaṯar, “trace, vestige, impression, relic”) and Akkadian 𒆠 (ašrum, “place, site”). Also related to the preposition ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ (bāṯar, “behind, after”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [ˈʔaθraː]
- (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [ˈʔaθˤrˤa]
- (Urmia) IPA(key): [ˈʔatraː]
Noun
ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ • (aṯrā) m sg (plural ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (aṯrawwāṯā))
- country, land
- ellipsis of ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ ܕܐܲܒ݂ܵܗ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (aṯrā d-aḇāhāṯā, “homeland, fatherland”)
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܐܲܬ݂ܲܪ (aṯar) | 1st person | ܐܲܬ݂ܪܝܼ (aṯrī) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪܲܢ (aṯran) | |||
| construct | ܐܲܬ݂ܲܪ (aṯar) | 2nd person | ܐܲܬ݂ܪܘܼܟ݂ (aṯrōḵ) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܟ݂ܝ (aṯrāḵ) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (aṯrawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ (aṯrā) | 3rd person | ܐܲܬ݂ܪܹܗ (aṯrēh) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܗ̇ (aṯrāh) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪܗܘܿܢ (aṯrhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܢ (aṯrawwān) | 1st person | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܝܼ (aṯrawwāṯī) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ (aṯrawwāṯan) | |||
| construct | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ (aṯrawwāṯ) | 2nd person | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (aṯrawwāṯōḵ) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (aṯrawwāṯāḵ) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (aṯrawwāṯawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (aṯrawwāṯā) | 3rd person | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܹܗ (aṯrawwāṯēh) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (aṯrawwāṯāh) | ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (aṯrawwāṯhōn) | |||
Derived terms
- ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܝܵܐ (aṯrāyā)
- ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܢܵܝܵܐ (aṯrānāyā)
- ܒܲܪ ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ (bar aṯrā, “citizen”)
Proper noun
ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ • (aṯrā) m or f
- (by extension, popular) Assyria, the Assyrian homeland (a geographic region of Iraq, Turkey, Iran and Syria in the Middle East)
- ܒܸܬ ܚܵܙܩܲܚ ܡܸܢ݇ܕܪܹܝܫ݇ ܠܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ ܒܢܝܼܣܵܢ.
- bit ḥāzqaḥ midrēy l-aṯrā bnīsān.
- We will go to Assyria again in April.
Proper noun
ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ • (aṯrā) m or f
- a unisex given name
Classical Syriac
Etymology
From Proto-Semitic *ʔaṯar-. Cognate to Aramaic אַתְרָא (ʾaṯrā, “idem”), Hebrew אֲשֶׁר (ʾăšĕ́r, relative pronoun), Ge'ez አሰር (ʾäsär), አሠር (ʾäśär, “trace, vestige; way, road; relic”), Arabic أَثَر (ʔaṯar, “trace, vestige, impression, relic”), Akkadian 𒆠 (ašrum, “place, site”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʔaθ.rɑ] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ˈʔaθ.re], [ʔaθ.rawˈwɑ.θɑ] (plural)
Noun
ܐܬܪܐ • (ʾaṯrā) m (plural ܐܬܪܘܬܐ (ʾaṯrawwāṯā) or ܐܬܪܐ (ʾaṯrē))
- place, spot
- region, land, country
- district, province
- inhabitants
- means
- (figuratively) room, space; opportunity, time; delay
Usage notes
Usually, the plural ܐܬܪܐ (ʾaṯrē) is a paucal plural (from two to ten) while the plural ܐܬܪܘܬܐ (ʾaṯrawwāṯā) is a multiple plural (eleven or more).
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܐܬܪ | 1st person | ܐܬܪܝ | ܐܬܪܢ | |||
| construct | ܐܬܪ | 2nd person | ܐܬܪܟ | ܐܬܪܟܝ | ܐܬܪܟܘܢ | ܐܬܪܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | 3rd person | ܐܬܪܗ | ܐܬܪܗ | ܐܬܪܗܘܢ | ܐܬܪܗܝܢ | |||
| plural | absolute | ܐܬܪܘܢ ,ܐܬܪܝܢ | 1st person | ܐܬܪܘܬܝ ,ܐܬܪܝ | ܐܬܪܘܬܢ ,ܐܬܪܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܐܬܪܘܬ ,ܐܬܪܝ | 2nd person | ܐܬܪܘܬܟ ,ܐܬܪܝܟ | ܐܬܪܘܬܟܝ ,ܐܬܪܝܟܝ | ܐܬܪܘܬܟܘܢ ,ܐܬܪܝܟܘܢ | ܐܬܪܘܬܟܝܢ ,ܐܬܪܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܐܬܪܘܬܐ , | 3rd person | ܐܬܪܘܬܗ ,ܐܬܪܘܗܝ | ܐܬܪܘܬܗ ,ܐܬܪܝܗ | ܐܬܪܘܬܗܘܢ ,ܐܬܪܝܗܘܢ | ܐܬܪܘܬܗܝܢ ,ܐܬܪܝܗܝܢ | ||
Derived terms
- ܐܬܪܝܐ (ʾaṯrāyā)
- ܐܬܪܢܝܐ (ʾaṯrānāyā)
Descendants
- Hebrew: אתר
References
- “ˀtr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 25 August 2011
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 22b
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 33a–b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 112b–113a