अश्रु

Borrowed from Sanskrit अश्रु (áśru), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háśru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱru-, from compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“eye bitter”) (compare *dáḱru-). Cognate with Greek δάκρυ (dákry), Lithuanian ašara, Latvian asara, English tear.

Doublet of आँसू (ā̃sū), a tadbhava.

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /əʃ.ɾuː/, [ɐʃ.ɾuː]

अश्रु • (aśru) m (Urdu spelling اشر)

1. (poetic, uncommon) tear

• आँसू (ā̃sū)

From Sanskrit अश्रु (áśru). Doublet of आसू (āsū).

• IPA^(key): /əɕ.ɾu/, [əɕ.ɾuː]

अश्रु • (aśru) m

1. alternative form of अश्रू (aśrū)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háśru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱru, from compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“eye bitter”) (compare *dáḱru-). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬭𐬏- (asrū-), 𐬀𐬯𐬭𐬏𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬥 (asrūazan), Lithuanian ãšara, Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru), Hittite 𒅖𒄩𒀪𒊒 (isḫaḫru), Tocharian A ākär, Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐍂 (tagr), Old Armenian արտաւսր (artawsr), Latin lacrima, and Old English tēar (whence English tear).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́ɕ.ɾu/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐɕ.ɾu/

अश्रु॑ • (áśru) stem, n

1. tear

   with मुच् (muc), कृ (kṛ) or वृत् (vṛt) — to shed tears, weep

   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.95.12b:

     क॒दा सू॒नुः पि॒तरं॑ जा॒त इ॑च्छाच्च॒क्रन्नाश्रु॑ वर्तयद्विजा॒नन ।
     को दम्प॑ती॒ सम॑नसा॒ वि यू॑यो॒दध॒ यद॒ग्निः श्वशु॑रेषु॒ दीद॑यत् ॥

     kadā́ sūnúḥ pitáraṃ jātá icchāccakránnā́śru vartayadvijānáná.
     kó dámpatī sámanasā ví yūyodádha yádagníḥ śváśureṣu dī́dayat.

     When will the son be born and seek his father? Mourner-like, will he weep when first he knows him?
     Who shall divide the accordant wife and husband, while fire is shining with thy consort's parents?

• Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼 (aṃsu), 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀼 (assu) — Śaurasenī (see there for further descendants)
• Prakrit: *𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀼 (*acchu), *𑀅𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀼 (*ajjhu)
  • Central Indo-Aryan:
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: अंजू (añjū)

  • Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਹੰਝੂ (hañjhū)

      Shahmukhi script: ہَن٘جُھو (haṉjhū)

    • Sindhi:

      Arabic script: هَنجَ (hañja)

• Pali: assu
  • → Khmer: អស្សុ (ʼahsoʼ)

Borrowed terms

• “अश्रु” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 51.
• Monier Williams (1899) “अश्रु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0114.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “अश्रु”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 033
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 089