आप

Hindi

Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₁t-
    Proto-Indo-European *-mō
    Proto-Indo-European *h₁éh₁tmō
    Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáHtmā
    Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātman)
    Prakrit 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa)
    Hindi आप (āp)

    Inherited from Prakrit 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (appā, nom.sg), from Sanskrit आत्मा (ātmā, “soul, spirit; self”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *HáHtmā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáHtmā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éh₁t-mō ~ *h₁h₁t-m̥nés (“breath, spirit”), from *h₁eh₁t- (“to breathe”) +‎ *-mō. Cognate with Gujarati આપું (āpũ), Nepali आंत (ānta), Marathi आपण (āpaṇ), Bengali আপনি (apni), Sinhalese අපි (api). Compare Kamkata-viri amú (“self”), Dhivehi އަހަރެން (aharen̊). Distantly cognate with Old English ǣþm, Dutch adem (“breath”), and German Atem (“breath”). Doublet of आत्मा (ātmā) (borrowed).

    Pronunciation

    • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɑːp/, [äːp]

    Pronoun

    आप • (āp) (Urdu spelling آپ)

    1. ye, you (formal, polite and grammatically plural)
      क्या आपको मेरी मदद की ज़रूरत है?
      kyā āpko merī madad kī zarūrat hai?
      Do you need my help?
      आपका दिन कैसा था पिताजी?
      āpkā din kaisā thā pitājī?
      How was your day, father?
    2. (in some phrases, now obsolete) self
      अपने आप ― apne āp ― oneself
      अपना ― apnā ― one's own

    Usage notes

    • आप (āp) is the most formal way of expressing "you" in Hindi and is used when addressing elders or those higher in social status. Because less formal forms could offend others, आप (āp) is the safest way to express "you" unless there is reason to be less formal.
    • Because आप (āp) is grammatically plural (adjectives and verbs etc affected by it take their plural forms) even when there is only one person being referred to, the term आप लोग (āp log) (literally: you people) can be used to specify that more than one person is being referred to because of T-V distinction.

    Declension

    Declension of आप
    direct आप (āp)
    indirect आप (āp)
    ergative आपने (āpne)
    genitive आपका (āpkā)
    dative आपको (āpko)
    instrumental/
    ablative     		आपसे (āpse)
    inessive आपमें (āpmẽ)
    adessive आपपे, आपपर (āppe, āppar)
    terminative आपतक (āptak)
    semblative आपसा (āpsā)

    See also

    See also

    • तुम (tum) (mid level formality, grammatically plural)
    • तू (tū) (complete lack of formality, grammatically singular)

    References

    Old Marathi

    Etymology

    From Sanskrit आपः (āpaḥ).

    Noun

    आप (āpa) m (Modi 𑘁𑘢)

    1. water

    References

    • Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “आप”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

    Pali

    Alternative forms

    Alternative scripts
    • āpa (Latin script)
    • 𑀆𑀧 (Brahmi script)
    • আপ (Bengali script)
    • ආප (Sinhalese script)
    • အာပ or ဢႃပ (Burmese script)
    • อาป or อาปะ (Thai script)
    • ᩋᩣᨷ (Tai Tham script)
    • ອາປ or ອາປະ (Lao script)
    • អាប (Khmer script)
    • 𑄃𑄂𑄛 (Chakma script)

    Noun

    आप n

    1. Devanagari script form of āpa (“water”)

    Declension

    Declension table of "आप" (neuter)
    Case \ NumberSingularPlural
    Nominative (first)आपं (āpaṃ) or आपो (āpo)आपानि (āpāni)
    Accusative (second)आपं (āpaṃ) or आपो (āpo)आपानि (āpāni)
    Instrumental (third)आपेन (āpena)आपेहि (āpehi) or आपेभि (āpebhi)
    Dative (fourth)आपस्स (āpassa) or आपाय (āpāya) or आपत्थं (āpatthaṃ)आपानं (āpānaṃ)
    Ablative (fifth)आपस्मा (āpasmā) or आपम्हा (āpamhā) or आपा (āpā)आपेहि (āpehi) or आपेभि (āpebhi)
    Genitive (sixth)आपस्स (āpassa)आपानं (āpānaṃ)
    Locative (seventh)आपस्मिं (āpasmiṃ) or आपम्हि (āpamhi) or आपे (āpe)आपेसु (āpesu)
    Vocative (calling)आप (āpa) or आपो (āpo)आपानि (āpāni)

    Sanskrit

    Alternative scripts

    Alternative scripts
    • আপ (Assamese script)
    • ᬆᬧ (Balinese script)
    • আপ (Bengali script)
    • 𑰁𑰢 (Bhaiksuki script)
    • 𑀆𑀧 (Brahmi script)
    • အာပ (Burmese script)
    • આપ (Gujarati script)
    • ਆਪ (Gurmukhi script)
    • 𑌆𑌪 (Grantha script)
    • ꦄꦴꦥ (Javanese script)
    • 𑂄𑂣 (Kaithi script)
    • ಆಪ (Kannada script)
    • អាប (Khmer script)
    • ອາປ (Lao script)
    • ആപ (Malayalam script)
    • ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢒᠠ (Manchu script)
    • 𑘁𑘢 (Modi script)
    • ᠠᢗᢒᠠ (Mongolian script)
    • 𑦡𑧂 (Nandinagari script)
    • 𑐁𑐥 (Newa script)
    • ଆପ (Odia script)
    • ꢃꢦ (Saurashtra script)
    • 𑆄𑆥 (Sharada script)
    • 𑖁𑖢 (Siddham script)
    • ආප (Sinhalese script)
    • 𑩐𑩛𑩰 (Soyombo script)
    • 𑚁𑚞 (Takri script)
    • ஆப (Tamil script)
    • ఆప (Telugu script)
    • อาป (Thai script)
    • ཨཱ་པ (Tibetan script)
    • 𑒂𑒣 (Tirhuta script)
    • 𑨀𑨊𑨞 (Zanabazar Square script)

    Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *h₁e-h₁óp-e ~ *h₁e-h₁p-ḗr, from *h₁ep-.

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    आप • (ā́pa) third-singular indicative (type P, perfect, root आप्)

    1. perfect of आप् (āp, “to reach”)

    Conjugation

    Perfect: आप (ā́pa), आपे (āpé)
    Active Mediopassive
    Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
    Indicative
    Third आप
    ā́pa     		आपतुः
    āpátuḥ     		आपुः
    āpúḥ     		आपे
    āpé     		आपाते
    āpā́te     		आपिरे
    āpiré
    Second आपिथ
    ā́pitha     		आपथुः
    āpáthuḥ     		आप
    āpá     		आपिषे
    āpiṣé     		आपाथे
    āpā́the     		आपिध्वे
    āpidhvé
    First आप
    ā́pa     		आपिव
    āpivá     		आपिम
    āpimá     		आपे
    āpé     		आपिवहे
    āpiváhe     		आपिमहे
    āpimáhe
    Participles
    आपिवांस्
    āpivā́ṃs     		आपान
    āpāná

    References

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