छिद्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

ছিদ্ (Assamese script)
ᬙᬶᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
ছিদ্ (Bengali script)
𑰔𑰰𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀙𑀺𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
ဆိဒ် (Burmese script)
છિદ્ (Gujarati script)
ਛਿਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌛𑌿𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦖꦶꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂓𑂱𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಛಿದ್ (Kannada script)
ឆិទ៑ (Khmer script)
ຉິທ຺ (Lao script)
ഛിദ് (Malayalam script)
ᡮᡳᡩ (Manchu script)
𑘔𑘱𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠼᠢᢑ (Mongolian script)
𑦴𑧒𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐕𑐶𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
ଛିଦ୍ (Odia script)
ꢘꢶꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆗𑆴𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖔𑖰𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
ඡිද් (Sinhalese script)
𑩢𑩑𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚐𑚮𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
சி²த்³ (Tamil script)
ఛిద్ (Telugu script)
ฉิทฺ (Thai script)
ཚི་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒕𑒱𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨤𑨁𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *skeyd- (“to split, divide”). Cognate with schism and shit.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰid/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰid̪/

Root

छिद् • (chid)

to cut off, amputate, cut through, hew, chop, split, pierce
to divide, separate from
to destroy, annihilate, efface, blot out
(mathematics) to divide
(passive voice) to be split or cut, break
(causative) to cut off; to cause to cut off or through

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root छिद् (0 c, 7 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root छिद् (6 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

छिनत्ति (chinátti) (Present)
छेत्स्यति (chetsyáti) (Future)
छेत्ता (chettā́) (Periphrastic Future)
अच्छिदत् (ácchidat) (Aorist)
अच्छैत्सीत् (ácchaitsīt) (Aorist)
अच्छेत् (ácchet) (Aorist)
छिद्यात् (chidyā́t) (Benedictive)
चिच्छेद (cicchéda) (Perfect)

Secondary Forms

छिद्यते (chidyáte) (Passive)
अच्छेदि (ácchedi) (Passive Aorist)
छेदयति (chedayati) (Causative)
अचिच्छिदत् (ácicchidat) (Causative Aorist)
चिच्छित्सति (cicchitsati) (Desiderative)
चेच्छिदीति (cecchidīti) (Intensive)
चेच्छिद्यते (cecchidyate) (Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

छिन्न (chinná) (Past Participle)
छेत्तुम् (chettum) (Infinitive)
छेत्तवै (chettavaí) (Infinitive)
छित्त्वा (chittvā́) (Gerund)
छिद्य (chídya) (Gerund)
छेद्य (chedya) (Gerundive)
छेत्तव्य (chettavya) (Gerundive)
छेदनीय (chedanīya) (Gerundive)
चिच्छित्सु (cicchitsu) (Desiderative Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

छित्ति (chitti)
छिद् (chid)
छिदा (chidā)
छिदुर (chidura)
छिद्र (chidrá)
छेत्तृ (chettṛ)
छेद (cheda)
छेदक (chedaka)
छेदन (chedana)
छेदिन् (chedin)

Prefixed Root Forms

अपच्छिद् (apacchid)
अवच्छिद् (avacchid)
आच्छिद् (ācchid)
उच्छिद् (ucchid)
परिच्छिद् (paricchid)
प्रच्छिद् (pracchid)
प्रतिच्छिद् (praticchid)
विच्छिद् (vicchid)
व्यवच्छिद् (vyavacchid)
संछिद् (saṃchid)
समुच्छिद् (samucchid)

Adjective

छिद् • (chid) stem

cutting, cutting off, cutting through, splitting, piercing
destroying, annihilating, removing

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of छिद्
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	छित् (chit)	छिदौ (chidau) छिदा¹ (chidā¹)	छिदः (chidaḥ)
accusative	छिदम् (chidam)	छिदौ (chidau) छिदा¹ (chidā¹)	छिदः (chidaḥ)
instrumental	छिदा (chidā)	छिद्भ्याम् (chidbhyām)	छिद्भिः (chidbhiḥ)
dative	छिदे (chide)	छिद्भ्याम् (chidbhyām)	छिद्भ्यः (chidbhyaḥ)
ablative	छिदः (chidaḥ)	छिद्भ्याम् (chidbhyām)	छिद्भ्यः (chidbhyaḥ)
genitive	छिदः (chidaḥ)	छिदोः (chidoḥ)	छिदाम् (chidām)
locative	छिदि (chidi)	छिदोः (chidoḥ)	छित्सु (chitsu)
vocative	छित् (chit)	छिदौ (chidau) छिदा¹ (chidā¹)	छिदः (chidaḥ)

¹Vedic

Feminine root-stem declension of छिद्
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	छित् (chit)	छिदौ (chidau) छिदा¹ (chidā¹)	छिदः (chidaḥ)
accusative	छिदम् (chidam)	छिदौ (chidau) छिदा¹ (chidā¹)	छिदः (chidaḥ)
instrumental	छिदा (chidā)	छिद्भ्याम् (chidbhyām)	छिद्भिः (chidbhiḥ)
dative	छिदे (chide)	छिद्भ्याम् (chidbhyām)	छिद्भ्यः (chidbhyaḥ)
ablative	छिदः (chidaḥ)	छिद्भ्याम् (chidbhyām)	छिद्भ्यः (chidbhyaḥ)
genitive	छिदः (chidaḥ)	छिदोः (chidoḥ)	छिदाम् (chidām)
locative	छिदि (chidi)	छिदोः (chidoḥ)	छित्सु (chitsu)
vocative	छित् (chit)	छिदौ (chidau) छिदा¹ (chidā¹)	छिदः (chidaḥ)

¹Vedic

Neuter root-stem declension of छिद्
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	छित् (chit)	छिदी (chidī)	छिन्दि (chindi)
accusative	छित् (chit)	छिदी (chidī)	छिन्दि (chindi)
instrumental	छिदा (chidā)	छिद्भ्याम् (chidbhyām)	छिद्भिः (chidbhiḥ)
dative	छिदे (chide)	छिद्भ्याम् (chidbhyām)	छिद्भ्यः (chidbhyaḥ)
ablative	छिदः (chidaḥ)	छिद्भ्याम् (chidbhyām)	छिद्भ्यः (chidbhyaḥ)
genitive	छिदः (chidaḥ)	छिदोः (chidoḥ)	छिदाम् (chidām)
locative	छिदि (chidi)	छिदोः (chidoḥ)	छित्सु (chitsu)
vocative	छित् (chit)	छिदी (chidī)	छिन्दि (chindi)

Noun

छिद् • (chid) stem, m

(mathematics) the divisor, denominator

Noun

छिद् • (chid) stem, f

the cutting off
annihilation

References

Monier Williams (1899) “छिद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 406.
William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 50

Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “chid”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.