जनि
Braj
Etymology
From Sanskrit यथा न (yathā na). Equivalent in function to Hindi मत (mat).
Particle
जनि (jani)
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- জনি (Assamese script)
- ᬚᬦᬶ (Balinese script)
- জনি (Bengali script)
- 𑰕𑰡𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀚𑀦𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဇနိ (Burmese script)
- જનિ (Gujarati script)
- ਜਨਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌜𑌨𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦗꦤꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂔𑂢𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ಜನಿ (Kannada script)
- ជនិ (Khmer script)
- ຊນິ (Lao script)
- ജനി (Malayalam script)
- ᡯᠠᠨᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘕𑘡𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠽᠠᠨᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦵𑧁𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐖𑐣𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଜନି (Odia script)
- ꢙꢥꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆘𑆤𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖕𑖡𑖰 (Siddham script)
- ජනි (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩣𑩯𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚑𑚝𑚮 (Takri script)
- ஜநி (Tamil script)
- జని (Telugu script)
- ชนิ (Thai script)
- ཛ་ནི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒖𑒢𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨥𑨝𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
The sense “woman” is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰánHiš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬇𐬥𐬌 (jə̄ni), 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌 (jaini, “woman”), Persian زن (zan), Central Kurdish ژن (jin), Ancient Greek γῠνή (gŭnḗ) (whence English gyno-), English queen. Doublet of ग्ना (gnā́).
The sense “birth”, which has been conflated with the word for “woman”, is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to give birth”), whence also जन (jana, “people”), जनस् (janas, “race”), जनिमन् (janiman, “birth”), etc.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /d͡ʑɐ́.ni/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /d͡ʑɐ.n̪i/
Noun
जनि • (jáni) stem, f
- woman, wife
- birth, production
- (botany) a kind of fragrant plant
- mother
- birth, i.e. life
- birthplace
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | जनिः (jániḥ) | जनी (jánī) | जनयः (jánayaḥ) |
| accusative | जनिम् (jánim) | जनी (jánī) | जनीः (jánīḥ) |
| instrumental | जन्या (jányā) जनी¹ (jánī¹) |
जनिभ्याम् (jánibhyām) | जनिभिः (jánibhiḥ) |
| dative | जनये (jánaye) जन्यै² (jányai²) जनी¹ (jánī¹) |
जनिभ्याम् (jánibhyām) | जनिभ्यः (jánibhyaḥ) |
| ablative | जनेः (jáneḥ) जन्याः² (jányāḥ²) जन्यै³ (jányai³) |
जनिभ्याम् (jánibhyām) | जनिभ्यः (jánibhyaḥ) |
| genitive | जन्युर् (jányur) | जन्योः (jányoḥ) | जनीनाम् (jánīnām) |
| locative | जनौ (jánau) जन्याम्² (jányām²) जना¹ (jánā¹) |
जन्योः (jányoḥ) | जनिषु (jániṣu) |
| vocative | जने (jáne) | जनी (jánī) | जनयः (jánayaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Later Sanskrit
- ³Brāhmaṇas
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “जनि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 411.