जान

See also: जन, जानु, and जाण

Hindi

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɑːn/, [d͡ʒä̃ːn]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian (jān), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wyaHnás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”). Cognate with Sanskrit व्यान (vyāna). Compare Assamese জান (zan), Bengali জান (jan), Punjabi ਜਾਨ (jān).

Noun

जान • (jān) f (Urdu spelling جان)

life, soul
Synonyms: प्राण (prāṇ), आत्मा (ātmā)

दंगे में कई जानें गईं।
daṅge mẽ kaī jānẽ gaī̃.
Many lives were lost in the riot.
spirit, vitality, stamina
Synonyms: ऊर्जा (ūrjā), शक्ति (śakti)

मैं थक गया, और अब मुझ में जान नहीं है।
ma͠i thak gayā, aur ab mujh mẽ jān nahī̃ hai.
I am tired, and there is no spirit left in me.

Declension

Declension of *जान* (fem cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	जान jān	जानें jānẽ
oblique	जान jān	जानों jānõ
vocative	जान jān	जानो jāno

Derived terms

जानू (jānū)

Etymology 2

Considering the gender, likely a deverbal of जानना (jānnā, “to know”). Alternatively, inherited from Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna), in which case a doublet of ज्ञान (jñān).

Noun

जान • (jān) f (Urdu spelling جان)

knowledge
Synonym: ज्ञान (jñān)

मेरी जान में, ऐसा नहीं था।
merī jān mẽ, aisā nahī̃ thā.
To my knowledge, it was not so.

Declension

Declension of *जान* (fem cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	जान jān	जानें jānẽ
oblique	जान jān	जानों jānõ
vocative	जान jān	जानो jāno

Verb

जान • (jān)

inflection of जानना (jānnā):
1. stem
2. second-person singular intimate present imperative

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

জান (Assamese script)
ᬚᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
জান (Bengali script)
𑰕𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀚𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
ဇာန (Burmese script)
જાન (Gujarati script)
ਜਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌜𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
ꦗꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
𑂔𑂰𑂢 (Kaithi script)
ಜಾನ (Kannada script)
ជាន (Khmer script)
ຊານ (Lao script)
ജാന (Malayalam script)
ᡯᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘕𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
ᠽᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦵𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
𑐖𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
ଜାନ (Odia script)
ꢙꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
𑆘𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
𑖕𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
ජාන (Sinhalese script)
𑩣𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
𑚑𑚭𑚝 (Takri script)
ஜாந (Tamil script)
జాన (Telugu script)
ชาน (Thai script)
ཛཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
𑒖𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
𑨥𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root जन् (jan).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɑ́ː.nɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɑː.n̪ɐ/

Noun

जान • (jā́na) stem, n

birth, origin, birthplace

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of जान
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	जानम् (jā́nam)	जाने (jā́ne)	जानानि (jā́nāni) जाना¹ (jā́nā¹)
accusative	जानम् (jā́nam)	जाने (jā́ne)	जानानि (jā́nāni) जाना¹ (jā́nā¹)
instrumental	जानेन (jā́nena)	जानाभ्याम् (jā́nābhyām)	जानैः (jā́naiḥ) जानेभिः¹ (jā́nebhiḥ¹)
dative	जानाय (jā́nāya)	जानाभ्याम् (jā́nābhyām)	जानेभ्यः (jā́nebhyaḥ)
ablative	जानात् (jā́nāt)	जानाभ्याम् (jā́nābhyām)	जानेभ्यः (jā́nebhyaḥ)
genitive	जानस्य (jā́nasya)	जानयोः (jā́nayoḥ)	जानानाम् (jā́nānām)
locative	जाने (jā́ne)	जानयोः (jā́nayoḥ)	जानेषु (jā́neṣu)
vocative	जान (jā́na)	जाने (jā́ne)	जानानि (jā́nāni) जाना¹ (jā́nā¹)

¹Vedic

References

Monier Williams (1899) “जान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 418.