तारा

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit तारा (tārā), Doublet of सितारा (sitārā).

Cognates

Cognate with Assamese তৰা (tora), Baluchi (istár, astár), Bengali তারা (tara), Dhivehi ތަރި (tari), Gojri تارو (tāro), Gujarati તારો (tāro), Marathi तारा (tārā), Maithili तारा (tārā), Nepali तारो (tāro), Odia ତାରା (tārā), Pashto ستوری (stóray), Persian (setâre), Punjabi تارا / ਤਾਰਾ (tārā), Sinhalese තරුව (taruwa), and Sindhi تَارو / तारो (tāro).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /t̪ɑː.ɾɑː/, [t̪äː.ɾäː]
Audio: (file)

Noun

तारा • (tārā) m or f by sense (Urdu spelling تارا)

star
Synonym: सितारा (sitārā)
(anatomy) pupil
Synonym: पुतली (putlī)

आँखों का तारा ― ā̃khõ kā tārā ― apple of one's eye (literally, “pupil of one's eye”)
(figurative) fate, destiny

Declension

Declension of *तारा* (masc ā-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	तारा tārā	तारे tāre
oblique	तारे tāre	तारों tārõ
vocative	तारे tāre	तारो tāro

Declension of *तारा* (fem ā-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	तारा tārā	ताराएँ tārāẽ
oblique	तारा tārā	ताराओं tārāõ
vocative	तारा tārā	ताराओ tārāo

Marathi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /t̪a.ɾa/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit तारा (tārā).

Noun

तारा • (tārā) m

a star
Synonym: नक्षत्र (nakṣatra)

Declension

Declension of तारा (masc ā-stem)
direct singular	तारा tārā
direct plural	तारे tāre
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	तारा tārā	तारे tāre
oblique सामान्यरूप	तार्या tāryā	तार्यां- tāryān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	तार्याला tāryālā	तार्यांना tāryānnā
ergative	तार्याने, तार्यानं tāryāne, tāryāna	तार्यांनी tāryānnī
instrumental	तार्याशी tāryāśī	तार्यांशी tāryānśī
locative सप्तमी	तार्यात tāryāt	तार्यांत tāryāt
vocative संबोधन	तार्या tāryā	तार्यांनो tāryānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of तारा (masc ā-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	तार्याचा tāryāċā	तार्याचे tāryāċe	तार्याची tāryācī	तार्याच्या tāryācā	तार्याचे, तार्याचं tāryāċe, tāryāċa	तार्याची tāryācī	तार्याच्या tāryācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	तार्यांचा tāryānċā	तार्यांचे tāryānċe	तार्यांची tāryāñcī	तार्यांच्या tāryāncā	तार्यांचे, तार्यांचं tāryānċe, tāryānċa	तार्यांची tāryāñcī	तार्यांच्या tāryāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Proper noun

तारा • (tārā) f

a female given name, Tara, from Sanskrit

Etymology 2

From तार (tār) +‎ -आ (-ā)

Noun

तारा • (tārā)

plural of तार (tār, “string, wire”)

References

Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “तारा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “तारा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Nepali

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit तारा (tārā).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [t̪äɾä]
Phonetic Devanagari: तारा

Noun

तारा • (tārā)

star

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

তাৰা (Assamese script)
ᬢᬵᬭᬵ (Balinese script)
তারা (Bengali script)
𑰝𑰯𑰨𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (Brahmi script)
တာရာ (Burmese script)
તારા (Gujarati script)
ਤਾਰਾ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌤𑌾𑌰𑌾 (Grantha script)
ꦠꦴꦫꦴ (Javanese script)
𑂞𑂰𑂩𑂰 (Kaithi script)
ತಾರಾ (Kannada script)
តារា (Khmer script)
ຕາຣາ (Lao script)
താരാ (Malayalam script)
ᢠᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
𑘝𑘰𑘨𑘰 (Modi script)
ᢐᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦽𑧑𑧈𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
𑐟𑐵𑐬𑐵 (Newa script)
ତାରା (Odia script)
ꢡꢵꢬꢵ (Saurashtra script)
𑆠𑆳𑆫𑆳 (Sharada script)
𑖝𑖯𑖨𑖯 (Siddham script)
තාරා (Sinhalese script)
𑩫𑩛𑩼𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚙𑚭𑚤𑚭 (Takri script)
தாரா (Tamil script)
తారా (Telugu script)
ตารา (Thai script)
ཏཱ་རཱ (Tibetan script)
𑒞𑒰𑒩𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
𑨙𑨊𑨫𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Based on forms beginning with तार- (tāra-) of तृ (tṛ, “star”), a Vedic contraction of स्तृ (stṛ), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hstā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hstar-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭- (star-), Persian (setâre), Latin stella, Ancient Greek ἀστήρ (astḗr) and Old English steorra (whence English star).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɑ́ː.ɾɑː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t̪ɑː.ɾɑː/

Noun

तारा • (tā́rā) stem, f

star, asterism
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.55.2:
  श॒तं श्वे॒तास॑ उ॒क्षणो॑ दि॒वि तारो॒ न रो॑चन्ते।
  म॒ह्ना दिवं॒ न त॑स्तभुः॥
  śatáṃ śvetā́sa ukṣáṇo diví tā́ro ná rocante.
  mahnā́ dívaṃ ná tastabhuḥ.
  A hundred white oxen shine like stars in the heaven, by their size they have almost held up theheavens.
the pupil of the eye (chiefly at the end of a compound)
(Samkhya philosophy) one of the 8 siddhis
(music) name of a raga of six notes
(Hinduism) Tara, second of the ten Mahavidyas
(Buddhism) Tārā, a female Buddha
(Hinduism) Tara, wife of Brihaspati

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of तारा
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	तारा (tā́rā)	तारे (tā́re)	ताराः (tā́rāḥ)
accusative	ताराम् (tā́rām)	तारे (tā́re)	ताराः (tā́rāḥ)
instrumental	तारया (tā́rayā) तारा¹ (tā́rā¹)	ताराभ्याम् (tā́rābhyām)	ताराभिः (tā́rābhiḥ)
dative	तारायै (tā́rāyai)	ताराभ्याम् (tā́rābhyām)	ताराभ्यः (tā́rābhyaḥ)
ablative	तारायाः (tā́rāyāḥ) तारायै² (tā́rāyai²)	ताराभ्याम् (tā́rābhyām)	ताराभ्यः (tā́rābhyaḥ)
genitive	तारायाः (tā́rāyāḥ) तारायै² (tā́rāyai²)	तारयोः (tā́rayoḥ)	ताराणाम् (tā́rāṇām)
locative	तारायाम् (tā́rāyām)	तारयोः (tā́rayoḥ)	तारासु (tā́rāsu)
vocative	तारे (tā́re)	तारे (tā́re)	ताराः (tā́rāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

This includes descendants of the extended forms तारक (tāraka) and तारका (tārakā).

Pali: tārā, tārakā
- → Old Javanese: tāra
  - Javanese: ꦠꦫ (tara)
  - → Balinese: ᬢᬭᬵ (tara)
- → Burmese: တာရာ (tara)
- → Tagalog: tala
- → Thai: ดารา (daa-raa)
Prakrit: 𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (tārā), 𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀬𑀸 (tārayā)
- Apabhramsa: तारउ (tāraü) (see there for further descendants)
→ Malayalam: താരം (tāraṁ)
→ Telugu: తార (tāra)
→ Tamil: தாரை (tārai)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “तारा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0443.