दश

See also: दृश्, देश, दिशा, and देशी

Nepali

**Nepali numbers ^(edit)**
		100
← 1	← 9	१० 10	11 → ^{[a], [b], [c]}	20 →
		1
Cardinal: दस (das), दश (daś) Ordinal: दसौँ (dasa͠u), दशौँ (daśa͠u) Multiplier: दशगुना (daśagunā), दसगुना (dasagunā)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [d̪ʌs]
Phonetic Devanagari: दस्

Numeral

दश • (daś)

alternative form of दस (das)

References

“दश”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎^[1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “दश”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

Sanskrit

**Sanskrit numbers ^(edit)**
		100
← 1	^{[a], [b]} ← 9	१० 10	11 →	20 →
		1
Cardinal: दश (daśa), दशन् (daśan) Ordinal: दशम (daśama) Multiplier: दशधा (daśadhā) Collective: दशत् (daśat)

Alternative forms

दशन् (daśan)

Alternative scripts

দশ (Assamese script)
ᬤᬰ (Balinese script)
দশ (Bengali script)
𑰟𑰫 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀤𑀰 (Brahmi script)
ဒၐ (Burmese script)
દશ (Gujarati script)
ਦਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌦𑌶 (Grantha script)
ꦢꦯ (Javanese script)
𑂠𑂬 (Kaithi script)
ದಶ (Kannada script)
ទឝ (Khmer script)
ທຨ (Lao script)
ദശ (Malayalam script)
ᡩᠠᡧᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘟𑘫 (Modi script)
ᢑᠠᠱᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦿𑧋 (Nandinagari script)
𑐡𑐱 (Newa script)
ଦଶ (Odia script)
ꢣꢯ (Saurashtra script)
𑆢𑆯 (Sharada script)
𑖟𑖫 (Siddham script)
දශ (Sinhalese script)
𑩭𑩿 (Soyombo script)
𑚛𑚧 (Takri script)
த³ஶ (Tamil script)
దశ (Telugu script)
ทศ (Thai script)
ད་ཤ (Tibetan script)
𑒠𑒬 (Tirhuta script)
𑨛𑨮 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥

Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća

Sanskrit दश (daśa)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dáśa (“ten”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća (“ten”), from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥ (“ten”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬯𐬀 (dasa), Ancient Greek δέκα (déka), Latin decem, Old English tīen (whence English ten).^[1]

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɐ́.ɕɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d̪ɐ.ɕɐ/

Numeral

दश • (dáśa)

ten

Declension

Irregular declension of दश (dáśa)

	Plural
Nominative	दश (dáśa)
Vocative	दश (dáśa)
Accusative	दश (dáśa)
Instrumental	दशभिः (daśábhiḥ)
Dative	दशभ्यः (daśábhyaḥ)
Ablative	दशभ्यः (daśábhyaḥ)
Genitive	दशानाम् (daśānā́m)
Locative	दशसु (daśásu)

Derived terms

दशकण्ठ (daśakaṇṭha, “ten-necked, an epithet for Ravana”)
दशरथ (daśaratha)

Related terms

दशत् (daśat)

Descendants

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀤𑀲 (dasa)
- Fiji Hindi: das
Dardic:
- Central Dardic:
  - Chitral:
    - Kalasha: daš
    - Khowar: جوش (ǰoš)
  - Kunar:
    - Dameli: [script needed] (daš)
    - Gawar-Shumashti:
      - Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (dɔš, daš)
      - Shumashti: [script needed] (däs)
  - Pashayi: دې (dē)
- Eastern Dardic:
  - Kashmiri: دٔہ (dạh)
  - Kohistani:
    - Kohistani-Bashkari:
      - Bashkari-Torwali:
        Kalami: دش (dəš)
        
        Torwali: دش (dəš)
      - Indus Kohistani:
        Kanyawali: [script needed] (däš)
        
        Kohistani: [script needed] (daš)
      - Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (daš(ə))
    - Tirahi: [script needed] (dah)
  - Shina:
    - Phalura-Savi:
      - Phalura: داش (dāš)
      - Savi:
    - Shina: دَئ (daï)
Helu Prakrit:
- Dhivehi: ދިހަ (diha)
- Sinhalese: දහය (dahaya)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀤𑀰 (daśa)
- Assamese: দহ (doh)
- Bengali: দশ (doś)
- Bishnupriya Manipuri: দশ (dôś)
- Odia: ଦଶ (daśa)
- Rohingya: doc
- Sylheti: ꠖꠡ (dośo)
Pali: dasa
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀤𑀲 (dasa), 𑀤𑀳 (daha)
- Konkani: धा (dhā)
- Marathi: दहा (dahā)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀤𑀲 (dasa)
- Gujarati: દશ (daś), દસ (das)
- Old Hindi:
  - Hindustani:
    Hindi: दस (das)
    
    Urdu: دس (das)
- Nepali: दस (das), दश (daś)
- Punjabi:
  Gurmukhi script: ਦਸ (das)
  
  Shahmukhi script: دس (das)
- Marwari: दाह (dāh)
- Romani: deś, desh (Anglicized), deš (Pan-Vlax)
→ Old Javanese: daśa (learned)
- > Javanese: ꦢꦱ (dasa) (inherited)
- → Balinese: ᬤᬰ (dasa)
→ Khmer: ទស (tŭəh) (learned)
→ Malay: (learned)
Latin script: dasa

Arabic script: داسا
→ Malayalam: ദശം (daśaṁ) (learned)
→ Telugu: దశము (daśamu) (learned)
→ Thai: ทศ (tót) (learned)

References

^ Benjamin W. Fortson IV (2010) “Indo-Iranian I: Indic”, in Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, 2nd edition, page 203

[1] Benjamin W. Fortson IV (2010) “Indo-Iranian I: Indic”, in Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, 2nd edition, page 203

[1]