पीड्

From Proto-Indo-European *pisd- (“to squeeze”), most likely a root enlargement of *peys- (“to crush”), whence पिष् (piṣ). Cognate with Ancient Greek πῐέζω (pĭézō, “to squeeze”) whence English piezo-.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /piːɖ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /piːɖ/

पीड् • (pīḍ)

1. to press, squeeze
2. to hurt, harm, injure, oppress, vex, torment, harass
3. to break (a vow)
4. to neglect (one's family)
5. (astrology) to cover (esp. with something inauspicious), to eclipse, obscure

• Monier Williams (1899) “पीड्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 629, column 2.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “पीड्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 98

• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “पीड्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 136-7
• Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 385-6
• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 385