पुरस्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পুৰস্ (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬸᬭᬲ᭄ (Balinese script)
- পুরস্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰲𑰨𑰭𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀲𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ပုရသ် (Burmese script)
- પુરસ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਪੁਰਸ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍁𑌰𑌸𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦸꦫꦱ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂮𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಪುರಸ್ (Kannada script)
- បុរស៑ (Khmer script)
- ປຸຣສ຺ (Lao script)
- പുരസ് (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡠᡵᠠᠰ᠌ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘳𑘨𑘭𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠤᠷᠠᠰ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧔𑧈𑧍𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐸𑐬𑐳𑑂 (Newa script)
- ପୁରସ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢸꢬꢱ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆶𑆫𑆱𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖲𑖨𑖭𑖿 (Siddham script)
- පුරස් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩒𑩼𑪁 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚰𑚤𑚨𑚶 (Takri script)
- புரஸ் (Tamil script)
- పురస్ (Telugu script)
- ปุรสฺ (Thai script)
- པུ་ར་ས྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒮𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨃𑨫𑨰𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hás (“before, in front”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-ós, from *preh₂- (“before, in front”). Cognate with Latin prae (“before, in front of”) prior, Ancient Greek πάρος (páros), Proto-Slavic *pьrvъ, and English first and fore.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pu.ɾɐ́s/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pu.ɾɐs̪/
Adverb
पुरस् • (purás)
- in front
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.31.11:
- सूर॑श्चि॒द्रथं॒ परि॑तक्म्यायां॒ पूर्वं॑ कर॒दुप॑रं जूजु॒वांस॑म्।
भर॑च्च॒क्रमेत॑शः॒ सं रि॑णाति पु॒रो दध॑त्सनिष्यति॒ क्रतुं॑ नः॥- sū́raścidráthaṃ páritakmyāyāṃ pū́rvaṃ karadúparaṃ jūjuvā́ṃsam.
bháraccakrámétaśaḥ sáṃ riṇāti puró dádhatsaniṣyati krátuṃ naḥ. - He, Indra, has formerly arrested in battle the rapid chariot of the sun; Etaśa has borne away the wheel, and with it Indra demolishes his foes; may he, giving us precedence, be propitiated by our rite.
- sū́raścidráthaṃ páritakmyāyāṃ pū́rvaṃ karadúparaṃ jūjuvā́ṃsam.
- सूर॑श्चि॒द्रथं॒ परि॑तक्म्यायां॒ पूर्वं॑ कर॒दुप॑रं जूजु॒वांस॑म्।
- before
- towards or from the east
Preposition
पुरस् • (purás)
- before, in advance, forward
- (with genitive, locative or accusative) in the presence of, before the eyes
Derived terms
- पुरःसद् (puraḥsád, “sitting in front, presiding”)
- पुरःस्थात्रि (puraḥsthātri, “standing at the head, a leader”)
- पुरःस्थित (puraḥsthita, “impending, imminent”)
- पुरतस् (puratas, “before, in front of”)
- पुरस्कार (puraskāra, “placing at front; preference; reward”)
- पुरस्तात् (purástāt)
- पुरोहित (puróhita, “placed in front, commissioned, appointed”)
Related terms
Descendants
- Ashokan Prakrit:
- Pali: pure
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “पुरस्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 634, column 2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 146-147
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “purás”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press