पृत्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পৃত্ (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬺᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
- পৃত্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰴𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀾𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ပၖတ် (Burmese script)
- પૃત્ (Gujarati script)
- ਪ੍ਰਤ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍃𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦽꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑃂𑂞𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಪೃತ್ (Kannada script)
- ប្ឫត៑ (Khmer script)
- ປ຺ຣິຕ຺ (Lao script)
- പൃത് (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡵᡳᢠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘵𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠷᠢᢐ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧖𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐺𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
- ପୃତ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢺꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆸𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖴𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
- පෘත් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩙𑩫 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚙𑚶 (Takri script)
- ப்ரித் (Tamil script)
- పృత్ (Telugu script)
- ปฺฤตฺ (Thai script)
- པྲྀ་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒵𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨼𑨉𑨙𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *part- (“fight”), likely from Proto-Indo-European *per-t, from *per- (“to beat, hit”). Cognate with Lithuanian per̃ti (“to thrash”) and Old Armenian հարկանեմ (harkanem, “to beat, strike”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pr̩t/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pr̩t̪/
Noun
पृत् • (pṛt) stem, f
- fight, battle, strife, combat
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.33.3:
- त्वं ताँ इन्द्रोभयाँ अमित्रान्दासा वृत्राण्यार्या च शूर ।
वधीर्वनेव सुधितेभिरत्कैरा पृत्सु दर्षि नृणां नृतम ॥- tvaṃ tām̐ indrobhayām̐ amitrāndāsā vṛtrāṇyāryā ca śūra.
vadhīrvaneva sudhitebhiratkairā pṛtsu darṣi nṛṇāṃ nṛtama. - You, hero, Indra, destroyed both classes of enemies, both Dāsas and Āryas, adversaries; chief leader of leaders, you cut your foes in pieces in battles with weapons, as wood-cutters, the forests.
- tvaṃ tām̐ indrobhayām̐ amitrāndāsā vṛtrāṇyāryā ca śūra.
- त्वं ताँ इन्द्रोभयाँ अमित्रान्दासा वृत्राण्यार्या च शूर ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पृत् (pṛt) | पृतौ (pṛtau) पृता¹ (pṛtā¹) |
पृतः (pṛtaḥ) |
| accusative | पृतम् (pṛtam) | पृतौ (pṛtau) पृता¹ (pṛtā¹) |
पृतः (pṛtaḥ) |
| instrumental | पृता (pṛtā) | पृद्भ्याम् (pṛdbhyām) | पृद्भिः (pṛdbhiḥ) |
| dative | पृते (pṛte) | पृद्भ्याम् (pṛdbhyām) | पृद्भ्यः (pṛdbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पृतः (pṛtaḥ) | पृद्भ्याम् (pṛdbhyām) | पृद्भ्यः (pṛdbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पृतः (pṛtaḥ) | पृतोः (pṛtoḥ) | पृताम् (pṛtām) |
| locative | पृति (pṛti) | पृतोः (pṛtoḥ) | पृत्सु (pṛtsu) |
| vocative | पृत् (pṛt) | पृतौ (pṛtau) पृता¹ (pṛtā¹) |
पृतः (pṛtaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Related terms
- पृतन्यति (pṛtanyáti, “to fight”)
- पृतन्यु (pṛtanyú, “enemy”)
- पृतन्या (pṛtanyā, “army”)
- पृतना (pṛ́tanā, “battle”)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “पृत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 645, column 3.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “पृत्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1044
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “पृत्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 169
- Arthur Berriedale Keith, Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1912) “pṛt”, in Vedic index of names and subjects, volume 2, London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, W. [Published for the Government of India], →OCLC, page 15
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “pṛccháti - pṛt-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 160