युध्
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- योध् (yodh)
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- যুধ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬬᬸᬥ᭄ (Balinese script)
- যুধ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰧𑰲𑰠𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀬𑀼𑀥𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ယုဓ် (Burmese script)
- યુધ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਯੁਧ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌯𑍁𑌧𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦪꦸꦣ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂨𑂳𑂡𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಯುಧ್ (Kannada script)
- យុធ៑ (Khmer script)
- ຍຸຘ຺ (Lao script)
- യുധ് (Malayalam script)
- ᠶᡠᢡ (Manchu script)
- 𑘧𑘳𑘠𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠶ᠋ᠤᢑᠾ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧇𑧔𑧀𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐫𑐸𑐢𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଯୁଧ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢫꢸꢤ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆪𑆶𑆣𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖧𑖲𑖠𑖿 (Siddham script)
- යුධ් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩻𑩒𑩮 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚣𑚰𑚜𑚶 (Takri script)
- யுத்⁴ (Tamil script)
- యుధ్ (Telugu script)
- ยุธฺ (Thai script)
- ཡུ་དྷ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒨𑒳𑒡𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨪𑨃𑨜𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyúts, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyúdʰs.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /júdʱ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /jud̪ʱ/
Noun
युध् • (yúdh) stem, f
- war, battle, fight, combat
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.91.21:
- अषा॑ळ्हं यु॒त्सु पृत॑नासु॒ पप्रिं॑ स्व॒र्षाम॒प्सां वृ॒जन॑स्य गो॒पाम् ।
भ॒रे॒षु॒जां सु॑क्षि॒तिं सु॒श्रव॑सं॒ जय॑न्तं॒ त्वामनु॑ मदेम सोम ॥- áṣāḷhaṃ yutsú pṛ́tanāsu pápriṃ svarṣā́mapsā́ṃ vṛjánasya gopā́m.
bhareṣujā́ṃ sukṣitíṃ suśrávasaṃ jáyantaṃ tvā́mánu madema soma. - Invincible in fight, saver in battles, guard of our camp, winner of light and water,
Born amid hymns, well-housed, exceeding famous, victor, in thee will we rejoice, O Soma.
- áṣāḷhaṃ yutsú pṛ́tanāsu pápriṃ svarṣā́mapsā́ṃ vṛjánasya gopā́m.
- अषा॑ळ्हं यु॒त्सु पृत॑नासु॒ पप्रिं॑ स्व॒र्षाम॒प्सां वृ॒जन॑स्य गो॒पाम् ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | युत् (yút) | युधौ (yúdhau) युधा¹ (yúdhā¹) |
युधः (yúdhaḥ) |
| accusative | युधम् (yúdham) | युधौ (yúdhau) युधा¹ (yúdhā¹) |
युधः (yúdhaḥ) |
| instrumental | युधा (yudhā́) | युद्भ्याम् (yudbhyā́m) | युद्भिः (yudbhíḥ) |
| dative | युधे (yudhé) | युद्भ्याम् (yudbhyā́m) | युद्भ्यः (yudbhyáḥ) |
| ablative | युधः (yudháḥ) | युद्भ्याम् (yudbhyā́m) | युद्भ्यः (yudbhyáḥ) |
| genitive | युधः (yudháḥ) | युधोः (yudhóḥ) | युधाम् (yudhā́m) |
| locative | युधि (yudhí) | युधोः (yudhóḥ) | युत्सु (yutsú) |
| vocative | युत् (yút) | युधौ (yúdhau) युधा¹ (yúdhā¹) |
युधः (yúdhaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira, “firm in battle”)
Noun
युध् • (yudh) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | युत् (yut) | युधौ (yudhau) युधा¹ (yudhā¹) |
युधः (yudhaḥ) |
| accusative | युधम् (yudham) | युधौ (yudhau) युधा¹ (yudhā¹) |
युधः (yudhaḥ) |
| instrumental | युधा (yudhā) | युद्भ्याम् (yudbhyām) | युद्भिः (yudbhiḥ) |
| dative | युधे (yudhe) | युद्भ्याम् (yudbhyām) | युद्भ्यः (yudbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | युधः (yudhaḥ) | युद्भ्याम् (yudbhyām) | युद्भ्यः (yudbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | युधः (yudhaḥ) | युधोः (yudhoḥ) | युधाम् (yudhām) |
| locative | युधि (yudhi) | युधोः (yudhoḥ) | युत्सु (yutsu) |
| vocative | युत् (yut) | युधौ (yudhau) युधा¹ (yudhā¹) |
युधः (yudhaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Root
युध् • (yudh)
Derived terms
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root युध् (0 c, 8 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root युध् (11 c, 0 e)
- Primary Verbal Forms
- Secondary Forms
- Non-Finite Forms
- युद्ध (yuddhá) (Past Participle)
- योद्धुम् (yoddhum) (Infinitive)
- युधम् (yudham) (Infinitive)
- युधे (yudhé) (Infinitive)
- युधये (yudháye) (Infinitive)
- युद्ध्वा (yuddhvā) (Gerund)
- युद्ध्वी (yuddhvī) (Gerund)
- युध्य (yudhya) (Gerund)
- योध्य (yódhya) (Gerundive)
- योद्धव्य (yoddhavya) (Gerundive)
- योधनीय (yodhanī́ya) (Gerundive)
- युधेन्य (yudhénya) (Gerundive)
- Derived Nominal Forms
- Prefixed Root Forms
- अभियुध् (abhiyudh)
- आयुध् (āyudh)
- उद्युध् (udyudh)
- नियुध् (niyudh)
- प्रतियुध् (pratiyudh)
- प्रयुध् (prayudh)
- संयुध् (saṃyudh)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “युध्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 854, column 3.
- William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 133
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “YODH”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 418-419