सुगंध

See also: सौगंध

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सुगन्ध (sugandha). By surface analysis, सु- (su-) +‎ गंध (gandh).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /sʊ.ɡənd̪ʱ/, [sʊ.ɡɐ̃n̪d̪ʱ]

Noun

सुगंध • (sugandh) m (Urdu spelling سگندهہ)

scent, fragrance, aroma, any pleasant smell
इस फूल की सुगंध बहुत सुहावना है।
is phūl kī sugandh bahut suhāvnā hai.
This flower has a very pleasant fragrance.

Usage notes

This word is a masculine word in Hindi as it is borrowed from Sanskrit सुगन्ध (sugandha), which is masculine. Probably, with the influence of गंध (gandh) and ख़ुशबू (xuśbū), which are feminine nouns, this word is also spoken as a feminine noun in colloquial language, and sometimes even written as a feminine noun.

Declension

Declension of *सुगंध* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	सुगंध sugandh	सुगंध sugandh
oblique	सुगंध sugandh	सुगंधों sugandhõ
vocative	सुगंध sugandh	सुगंधो sugandho

Synonyms

ख़ुशबू (xuśbū)
महक (mahak)

Antonyms

दुर्गंध (durgandh)
बदबू (badbū)

Derived terms

सुगंध चिकित्सा f (sugandh cikitsā, “aromatherapy”)

सुगंधि (sugandhi)
सुगंधिका (sugandhikā)
सुगंधित (sugandhit)
सुगंधिता (sugandhitā)
सुगंधी (sugandhī)
सुगंध ग्रंथि (sugandh granthi)

References

Bahri, Hardev (1989) “सुगंध”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “सुगंध”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सुगन्ध (sugandha). By surface analysis, सु- (su-, “good”) +‎ गंध (gandha, “smell”). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘭𑘳𑘽𑘟 (sunda).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /su.ɡən.d̪ʱə/

Noun

सुगंध • (sugandha) m

fragrance, aroma, any pleasant smell
Synonyms: सुवास (suvās), परिमळ (parimaḷ)

Antonym: दुर्गंध (durgandha)

Declension

Declension of सुगंध (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	सुगंध sugandha
direct plural	सुगंध sugandha
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	सुगंध sugandha		सुगंध sugandha
oblique सामान्यरूप	सुगंधा sugandhā		सुगंधां- sugandhān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	सुगंधाला sugandhālā		सुगंधांना sugandhānnā
ergative	सुगंधाने, सुगंधानं sugandhāne, sugandhāna		सुगंधांनी sugandhānnī
instrumental	सुगंधाशी sugandhāśī		सुगंधांशी sugandhānśī
locative सप्तमी	सुगंधात sugandhāt		सुगंधांत sugandhāt
vocative संबोधन	सुगंधा sugandhā		सुगंधांनो sugandhānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of सुगंध (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	सुगंधाचा sugandhāċā	सुगंधाचे sugandhāċe	सुगंधाची sugandhācī	सुगंधाच्या sugandhācā	सुगंधाचे, सुगंधाचं sugandhāċe, sugandhāċa	सुगंधाची sugandhācī	सुगंधाच्या sugandhācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	सुगंधांचा sugandhānċā	सुगंधांचे sugandhānċe	सुगंधांची sugandhāñcī	सुगंधांच्या sugandhāncā	सुगंधांचे, सुगंधांचं sugandhānċe, sugandhānċa	सुगंधांची sugandhāñcī	सुगंधांच्या sugandhāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

सुगंधक (sugandhak)
सुगंधमरीच (sugandhamrīc)
सुगंधमूली (sugandhmūlī)
सुगंधित (sugandhit)
सुगंधिद्रव्य (sugandhidravya)
सुगंधी (sugandhī)

References

Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “सुगंध”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “सुगंध”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “सुंद”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan