ကျား

See also: ကျ, ကျာ, and ကြာ

Burmese

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Burmese က္လာ (kla),[1] from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-la (“tiger”), ultimately from Proto-Austroasiatic *kla(ː)ʔ (“idem”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t͡ɕá/
  • Romanization: MLCTS: kya: • ALA-LC: kyāʺ • BGN/PCGN: kya: • Okell: cà
  • Homophone: ကြား (kra:)

Noun

ကျား • (kya:)

  1. tiger
Derived terms

(Adverbs)

  • ကျားကျားလျားလျား (kya:kya:lya:lya:, “manly”)
  • ကျားကုတ်ကျားခဲ (kya:kutkya:hkai:, “tenaciously”)
  • ကျားပိန်တွယ် (kya:pintwai, “clinging tenaciously”)
  • ကျားလိုက်တုတ်ခုတ် (kya:luiktuthkut, “being forced to respond to a situation without due preparation”)
  • သစ်ခုတ်ကျားစီး (sachkutkya:ci:, “tenaciously”)

(Interjections)

  • ကျားသားမိုးကြိုး (kya:sa:mui:krui:, “monstrous! incredible!”)

(Nouns)

(Verbs)

  • ကျားမြီးဆွဲမိ (kya:mri:hcwai:mi., “to be in a fix, be committed without a chance of retraction”)

See also

References

  1. ^ Rudolf A. Yanson (1 January 2006) Notes on the Evolution of the Burmese Phonological System‎[1], Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 103–120

Etymology 2

Probably a semantic extension of the "tiger" sense in Etymology 1, owing to the tiger's striped coat (MED groups the "variegated" and "tiger" senses together).

Verb

ကျား • (kya:)

  1. to have a pattern, especially striped, checkered, square, or with patches of alternate colors; to be variegated
Derived terms

(Adverbs)

  • ကြောင်ကြောင်ကျားကျား (kraungkraungkya:kya:, “motley; variegated”)
  • ကွက်ကျား (kwakkya:, “irregularly, in patches”)
  • ကွက်တိကွက်ကျား (kwakti.kwakkya:, “irregularly, in patches”)
  • ပြောက်ကျားပြောက်ကျား (praukkya:praukkya:, “sporadically”)
  • ပိန်းကျား (pin:kya:, “in streaks and patches”)
  • ဖြူနီကြောင်ကျား (hpruni-kraungkya:, “multi-colored”)
  • ဘတစ်ပြန်ကျားတစ်ပြန် (bha.tacprankya:tacpran)

(Nouns)

  • ခြင်ကျား (hkrangkya:, “the Aedes aegypti mosquito”)
  • ငန်းတော်ကျား (ngan:tau-kya:, “banded krait”)
  • ငှက်ကျား (hngakkya:, “various species of mottled birds”)
  • ပြောက်ကျားစစ် (praukkya:cac, “guerrilla warfare”)
  • ဖွတ်ကျား (hpwatkya:, “pied monitor lizard; useless person”)
  • မျဉ်းကျား (myany:kya:, “zebra crossing”)
  • မြင်းကျား (mrang:kya:, “zebra”)
  • လေးကွက်ကျား (le:kwakkya:, “four-square grid pattern”)
  • သက်ကျားအို (sakkya:ui, “old or aged person”)
  • သုံးထပ်ကျား (sum:htapkya:, “morris, merel”)

(Verbs)

  • ပြောက်ကျား (praukkya:, “to be speckled; guerrilla”)
  • ပိန်းကျားရိုက် (pin:kya:ruik, “to smear, daub unevenly on the face”)
See also

Etymology 3

Likely a semantic extension of the "variegated" sense of Etymology 2, considering the checkered pattern of the draughts game board (though MED separates the "draughts" and "variegated" senses); for a semantic parallel, note the extension of English checker from the board game to its characteristic alternating square pattern.

Noun

ကျား • (kya:)

  1. game of draughts, checkers
  2. draughtsman
Derived terms
  • ကျားထိုး (kya:htui:, “to play a game of draughts”)

Etymology 4

Noun

ကျား • (kya:)

  1. a transverse stay in the roof of a building
  2. a prop or stay applied to the side of a house, boat or ship; a buttress
Derived terms

(Verbs)

  • ကျားကန် (kya:kan, “to buttress, prop, shore”)

(Nouns)

  • ကျားမော့ (kya:mau., “a strut placed diagonally between the ridge-pole and horizontal member joining the tie-beams”)
See also

Etymology 5

Contraction of ယောက်ျား (“a male person”); see there for more discussion.

Noun

ကျား • (kya:)

  1. abbreviation of ယောက်ျား (“a male person; a gent”)
Derived terms

(Adverbs)

Further reading

  • “ကျား” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
  • Judson, A., Stevenson, Robert C., Eveleth, F. H. (1921) “ကျား, 1; ကျား, 2; ကျား, 3; ကျား, 4”, in The Judson Burmese-English Dictionary‎[2], Rangoon: American Baptist Mission Press, pages 213–4
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