パン
See also: バン and Appendix:Variations of "pan"
Ainu
Etymology
Borrowed from Japanese パン, from Portuguese pão (“bread”), from Latin pānem, accusative singular form of pānis (“bread”). Compare French pain, Italian pane, Romanian pâine, Spanish pan.
Noun
パン • (pan)
References
- John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)[1], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co.
Japanese
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 麵麭 (rare) 麺麭 (rare) 麺𮮆 (rare) 麺包 (rare) 麪包 (rare) |
Etymology tree
From Portuguese pão (“bread”),[3][2] from Latin pānem, accusative singular form of pānis (“bread”). Compare French pain, Italian pane, Romanian pâine, Spanish pan.
Noun
パン • (pan)
- bread, pastries, any baked good with a crust (a type of food)
Usage notes
- The kanji spellings 麺麭, 麺包, and 麪包 are examples of jukujikun. Use of these spellings is extremely rare in modern Japanese.
- While usually translated as 'bread', the term also covers a wide variety of baked goods that would not be called bread in English. This includes bread-like sweets like brioche, filled puff pastries and similar items, as well as various Asian steamed dough dumplings.
Derived terms
- パン屑 (pankuzu): crumbs, breadcrumbs
- パン粉 (panko): dry breadcrumbs
- パン屋 (pan'ya): a bakery; a baker
- フランスパン (Furansu pan): French bread
- 食パン (shokupan): pullman loaf, sandwich loaf, pain de mie, a loaf or a slice
- あんパン (anpan)
Descendants
- → Ainu: パン (pan)
- → Amis: epang
- → Bunun: paang
- → Hakka: 麭 / 𮮆 (pháng)
- → Hokkien: 麭 / 𮮆 (pháng)
- → Korean: 빵 (ppang)
- → Paiwan: pang
- → Rukai: pange
- → Saaroa: pangʉ
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English pan.[3][2]
Noun
パン • (pan)
- (cooking) a pan (flat vessel used for cooking)
- (cinematography) a pan shot (a film shot where the camera is turned horizontally)
Derived terms
- フライパン (furai pan): a fry pan, a frying pan
- ソースパン (sōsu pan): a saucepan
Verb
パンする • (pan suru) suru (stem パンし (pan shi), past パンした (pan shita))
- to pan (to turn a camera horizontally)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "パンする" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | パンし | pan shi | ||
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | パンし | pan shi | ||
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | パンする | pan suru | ||
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | パンする | pan suru | ||
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | パンすれ | pan sure | ||
| Meireikei ("imperative") | パンせよ¹ パンしろ² |
pan seyo¹ pan shiro² | ||
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | パンされる | pan sareru | ||
| Causative | パンさせる パンさす |
pan saseru pan sasu | ||
| Potential | パンできる | pan dekiru | ||
| Volitional | パンしよう | pan shiyō | ||
| Negative | パンしない | pan shinai | ||
| Negative continuative | パンせず | pan sezu | ||
| Formal | パンします | pan shimasu | ||
| Perfective | パンした | pan shita | ||
| Conjunctive | パンして | pan shite | ||
| Hypothetical conditional | パンすれば | pan sureba | ||
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Etymology 3
Ultimately from Ancient Greek Πάν (Pán). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Proper noun
パン • (Pan)
Derived terms
- パンパイプ (panpaipu, “panpipes”)
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN