主人

Chinese

	to own; to host; master to own; to host; master; lord; primary	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (主人)	主	人
alternative forms	主儂／主侬 Min vernacular
anagram	人主

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhǔrén

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˇ ㄖㄣˊ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җўжын (žwřɨn, II-I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zyu² jan⁴ / zyu² jan^4-2

(Taishan, Wiktionary): zi² ngin³ / zi² ngin^3*
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chú-ngìn

(Hailu, HRS): zhu^ˊ ngin

(Meixian, Guangdong): zu³ ngin²
Eastern Min (BUC): ciō-nè̤ng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chú-lâng / chú-lîn / chí-jîn / chú-jîn

(Teochew, Peng'im): zu² ring⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsy-gnin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhǔrén
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˇ ㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhǔrén
  - Wade–Giles: chu³-jên²
  - Yale: jǔ-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juuren
  - Palladius: чжужэнь (čžužɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җўжын (žwřɨn, II-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ʐəŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zyu² jan⁴ / zyu² jan^4-2
  - Yale: jyú yàhn / jyú yán
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzy² jan⁴ / dzy² jan^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: ju² yen⁴ / ju² yen^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syː³⁵ jɐn²¹/, /t͡syː³⁵ jɐn²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: zi² ngin³ / zi² ngin^3*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵⁵ ᵑɡin²²/, /t͡si⁵⁵ ᵑɡin²²⁻²²⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chú-ngìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: zu^ˋ ngin^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zu³ ngin²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹ ŋin¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zhu^ˊ ngin
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃu²⁴⁻³³ ŋin⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zu³ ngin²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹ ŋin¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciō-nè̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suo³³⁻²¹ nˡøyŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-lâng
  - Tâi-lô: tsú-lâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zwlaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ laŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ laŋ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ laŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ laŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-lîn
  - Tâi-lô: tsú-lîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zwliin
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lin²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lin²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: tsí-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cyjiin
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ d͡zin¹³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: tsú-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zwjiin
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ zin²³/

Note: chú-lîn/chí-jîn/chú-jîn - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zu² ring⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsú jîng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su⁵²⁻³⁵ d͡ziŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsy-gnin
  - MiniDict: tsy^去 nyin
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsr-nyin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩³³ n̠ʲin⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsyuX nyin

Rime
Character	主	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	之庾切	如鄰切
Baxter	tsyuX	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨo^X/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕio^X/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕio^X/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuə̆^X/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕio^X/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭu^X/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯u^X/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǔ	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu²	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*toʔ ni[ŋ]/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjoʔ njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	主	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhǔ	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyu^X ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*toʔ/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	master; host	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	主	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17618	10800
Phonetic component	主	人
Rime group	侯	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	主	仁
Old Chinese	/*tjoʔ/	/*njin/

Noun

主人

master; owner
host (person who receives or entertains other people as guests)
- 珍重主人心，酒深情亦深。 [Ci, trad. and simp.]
  From: c. 901~910, Wei Zhuang（韋莊）, 《菩薩蠻•勸君今夜須沈醉》, translated by C. K. Ho
  Zhēnzhòng zhǔrén xīn, jiǔ shēn qíng yì shēn. [Pinyin]
  Cherish the host’s kind-hearted reception; drink deep, for deep is our affection.
(BDSM) master (male dominant)
Coordinate term: 女主人 (nǚzhǔrén)

Synonyms

(host):

edit

主人公 (zhǔréngōng) (literary, honorific)
主人翁 (zhǔrénwēng) (literary, honorific)
東人 / 东人 (dōngrén) (archaic)
東家 / 东家 (dōngjiā)
東道 / 东道 (dōngdào)
東道主 / 东道主 (dōngdàozhǔ)
東道主人 / 东道主人 (dōngdào zhǔrén)

(master):

edit

所有人 (suǒyǒurén)
物主 (wùzhǔ)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “host”): 客人 (kèrén)
(antonym(s) of “master”): 奴隸／奴隶 (núlì), 僕人／仆人 (púrén)

Derived terms

主人公 (zhǔréngōng)
主人娘
主人家
主人翁 (zhǔrénwēng)
主人頭 / 主人头
女主人 (nǚzhǔrén)
東道主人 / 东道主人 (dōngdào zhǔrén)
狗無嫌主人散 / 狗无嫌主人散

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (主人):

→ Japanese: 主人(しゅじん) (shujin)
→ Korean: 주인(主人) (ju'in)
→ Vietnamese: chủ nhân (主人)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
主	人
しゅ Grade: 3	じん Grade: 1
kan'on

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 主人 (MC tsyuX nyin).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しゅじん [shúꜜjìǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ɕɨʑĩɴ]

Noun

主(しゅ)人(じん) • (shujin)

(humble) (one's own) husband (use ご主人 to refer to somebody else's husband)
Synonym: (husband) 夫 (otto)

Antonyms: (wife) 妻 (tsuma), (someone else's wife) 奥さん (oku-san), (one's own wife) 家内 (kanai)
someone's master
ご主(しゅ)人(じん)様(さま)、ご命(めい)令(れい)を。
Go-shujin-sama, go-meirei o.
I await your orders, master.
owner
host or hostess

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
主	人

Noun

主人 • (ju'in) (hangeul 주인)

hanja form^? of 주인 (“master or owner; proprietor”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
主	人

Noun

主人

chữ Hán form of chủ nhân (“master or owner; proprietor”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK5-3] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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