凝集
Chinese
| congeal; concentrate attention | to gather; to collect; collected works | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (凝集) | 凝 | 集 | |
| simp. #(凝集) | 凝 | 集 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: níngjí
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄐㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: níngjí
- Wade–Giles: ning2-chi2
- Yale: níng-jí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ningjyi
- Palladius: нинцзи (ninczi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /niŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jing4 zaap6
- Yale: yìhng jaahp
- Cantonese Pinyin: jing4 dzaap9
- Guangdong Romanization: ying4 zab6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɪŋ²¹ t͡saːp̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêng-chi̍p
- Tâi-lô: gîng-tsi̍p
- Phofsit Daibuun: gengcip
- IPA (Xiamen): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sip̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sip̚²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sip̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
Verb
凝集
- to gather; to concentrate
Related terms
- 凝聚 (níngjù)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 凝 | 集 |
| ぎょう Grade: S |
しゅう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Alternative forms
- The 凝集 spelling is more common.
Pronunciation
Noun
凝集 • (gyōshū) ←ぎようしふ (gyousifu)?
Derived terms
- 凝集原 (gyōshūgen): a reagent that causes an agglutination reaction
- 凝集素 (gyōshūso): (medicine) agglutinin
- 凝集反応 (gyōshū hannō): (medicine) an agglutination reaction
- 凝集力 (gyōshūryoku): cohesiveness, cohesive strength
- 凝集剤 (gyōshūzai): (engineering) a coagulant; (chemistry) a flocculant
- 凝集薬 (gyōshūyaku): (medicine) a coagulant
Verb
凝集する • (gyōshū suru) ←ぎようしふ (gyousifu)?intransitive suru (stem 凝集し (gyōshū shi), past 凝集した (gyōshū shita))
- to clump together, to cohere, to agglutinate, to coagulate, to flocculate
Conjugation
Conjugation of "凝集する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 凝集し | ぎょうしゅうし | gyōshū shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 凝集し | ぎょうしゅうし | gyōshū shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 凝集する | ぎょうしゅうする | gyōshū suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 凝集する | ぎょうしゅうする | gyōshū suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 凝集すれ | ぎょうしゅうすれ | gyōshū sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 凝集せよ¹ 凝集しろ² |
ぎょうしゅうせよ¹ ぎょうしゅうしろ² |
gyōshū seyo¹ gyōshū shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 凝集される | ぎょうしゅうされる | gyōshū sareru | |
| Causative | 凝集させる 凝集さす |
ぎょうしゅうさせる ぎょうしゅうさす |
gyōshū saseru gyōshū sasu | |
| Potential | 凝集できる | ぎょうしゅうできる | gyōshū dekiru | |
| Volitional | 凝集しよう | ぎょうしゅうしよう | gyōshū shiyō | |
| Negative | 凝集しない | ぎょうしゅうしない | gyōshū shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 凝集せず | ぎょうしゅうせず | gyōshū sezu | |
| Formal | 凝集します | ぎょうしゅうします | gyōshū shimasu | |
| Perfective | 凝集した | ぎょうしゅうした | gyōshū shita | |
| Conjunctive | 凝集して | ぎょうしゅうして | gyōshū shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 凝集すれば | ぎょうしゅうすれば | gyōshū sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||