勇士

Chinese

		brave	scholar; warrior; knight
trad. (勇士)		勇	士
simp. ^#(勇士)		勇	士

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǒngshì

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˇ ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jung⁵ si⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yúng-sṳ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ióng-sǐr / ióng-sū

(Teochew, Peng'im): iong² se⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǒngshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˇ ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǒngshìh
  - Wade–Giles: yung³-shih⁴
  - Yale: yǔng-shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeongshyh
  - Palladius: юнши (junši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    勇士
    永世
    永逝
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jung⁵ si⁶
  - Yale: yúhng sih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jung⁵ si⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yung⁵ xi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ¹³ siː²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yúng-sṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: iung^ˋ sii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yung³ si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ³¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yúng-sṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iung^ˋ sii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yung³ si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ³¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióng-sǐr
  - Tâi-lô: ióng-sǐr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióng-sū
  - Tâi-lô: ióng-sū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iofngsu
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ su³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iong² se⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ióng sṳ̆
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ sɯ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: yowngX dzriX

Rime
Character	勇	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	余隴切	鉏里切
Baxter	yowngX	dzriX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨoŋ^X/	/d͡ʒɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/jioŋ^X/	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ioŋ^X/	/d͡ʒie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juawŋ^X/	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^X/
Li Rong	/ioŋ^X/	/d͡ʒiə^X/
Wang Li	/jĭwoŋ^X/	/d͡ʒĭə^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯woŋ^X/	/ɖ͡ʐʱi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒng	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jung⁵	zi⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*loŋʔ [m-s-]rəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*loŋʔ zrɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	勇	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǒng	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ yowng^X ›	‹ dzri^X ›
Old Chinese	/*loŋʔ/	/*[m-s-]rəʔ/
English	brave	officer; gentleman
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	勇	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15449	11511
Phonetic component	用	士
Rime group	東	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	勇	士
Old Chinese	/*loŋʔ/	/*zrɯʔ/

Noun

勇士

Synonyms

(warrior):

edit

健兒 / 健儿 (jiàn'ér)
壯士 / 壮士 (zhuàngshì)
戰士 / 战士 (zhànshì)
武人 (wǔrén)
武士 (wǔshì)
猛士 (měngshì)
虎賁 / 虎贲 (hǔbēn) (archaic)
鬥士 / 斗士 (dòushì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (勇士):

→ Japanese: 勇(ゆう)士(し) (yūshi)
→ Korean: 용사(勇士) (yongsa)
→ Vietnamese: dũng sĩ (勇士)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
勇	士
ゆう Grade: 4	し Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ゆうし [yúꜜùshì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [jɯ̟ːɕi]

Noun

勇(ゆう)士(し) • (yūshi)

brave person, warrior
Synonym: 勇者

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
勇	士
ゆう Grade: 4	じ Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [jɯ̟ːʑi]

Proper noun

勇(ゆう)士(じ) • (Yūji)

a male given name

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
勇	士

Noun

勇士 • (yongsa) (hangeul 용사)

hanja form^? of 용사 (“brave person; warrior”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
勇	士

Noun

勇士

chữ Hán form of dũng sĩ (“courageous person”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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