卑下
Chinese
low; base; vulgar low; base; vulgar; inferior; humble |
under; next; lower under; next; lower; below; underneath; down(wards); to go down; latter | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (卑下) |
卑 | 下 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: bēixià
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄟ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: beisià
- Wade–Giles: pei1-hsia4
- Yale: bēi-syà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beishiah
- Palladius: бэйся (bɛjsja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /peɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: bei1 haa5
- Yale: bēi háh
- Cantonese Pinyin: bei1 haa5
- Guangdong Romanization: béi1 ha5
- Sinological IPA (key): /pei̯⁵⁵ haː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pi-hǎ
- Tâi-lô: pi-hǎ
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pi³³ ha²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pi-hā
- Tâi-lô: pi-hā
- Phofsit Daibuun: pi'ha
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pi⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /pi⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pi-hēe
- Tâi-lô: pi-hēe
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pi⁴⁴⁻²² hɛ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Adjective
卑下
Synonyms
- (humble): 卑賤／卑贱 (bēijiàn), 鄙賤／鄙贱 (bǐjiàn), 低賤／低贱 (dījiàn)
- (mean and low): 卑賤／卑贱 (bēijiàn), 鄙賤／鄙贱 (bǐjiàn)
Related terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 卑 | 下 |
| ひ Grade: S |
げ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| (kyūjitai) |
Pronunciation
Noun
卑下 • (hige)
Synonyms
- 謙遜 (kenson)
Verb
卑下する • (hige suru) transitive suru (stem 卑下し (hige shi), past 卑下した (hige shita))
- to humble oneself
Conjugation
Conjugation of "卑下する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 卑下し | ひげし | hige shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 卑下し | ひげし | hige shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 卑下する | ひげする | hige suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 卑下する | ひげする | hige suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 卑下すれ | ひげすれ | hige sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 卑下せよ¹ 卑下しろ² |
ひげせよ¹ ひげしろ² |
hige seyo¹ hige shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 卑下される | ひげされる | hige sareru | |
| Causative | 卑下させる 卑下さす |
ひげさせる ひげさす |
hige saseru hige sasu | |
| Potential | 卑下できる | ひげできる | hige dekiru | |
| Volitional | 卑下しよう | ひげしよう | hige shiyō | |
| Negative | 卑下しない | ひげしない | hige shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 卑下せず | ひげせず | hige sezu | |
| Formal | 卑下します | ひげします | hige shimasu | |
| Perfective | 卑下した | ひげした | hige shita | |
| Conjunctive | 卑下して | ひげして | hige shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 卑下すれば | ひげすれば | hige sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Synonyms
- 謙る (herikudaru)
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN